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MEMORIAL 


OF 


CHARLES H. MARSHALL. 


NEE Wor yy OR Ky: 
eee Pik tON AND COMPANY. 
1867. 





Iw collecting the various notices of the death of the 
late Cuartes H. Marswatt, it may not be amiss to pre- 
face them with a sketch of his life and character, drawn 
from more intimate sources than were accessible to _ 
those who took part in the public tributes to his mem- 
ory. ‘The rare and noble traits, commemorated with 
so much sincerity and warmth in the proceedings and 
addresses, which this memorial volume is chiefly de- 
signed to perpetuate, had their main source in the 
discipline of a laborious, self-reliant life, whose early 
training was in the rough school of the sailor, but 
which was always shaped and guided by high and in- 
telligent aims. It was a life of no more incident or 
adventure than naturally belonged to the career of an 
American seaman of the early part of the present 


century, gradually identifying himself with the grow- 


6 MEMORLAL. 


ing commerce of the country, active in all grades. of 
its service, aiding in its large development, and sharing 
in its full success. The record of such a career has in 
it, for all readers, something of the interest which at- 
taches to every life-struggle in which an honest, manly 
purpose grapples with destiny, and succeeds against all 
odds; but it is chiefly for those who will read these 
pages with the sympathies of kindred or of friendship 
that they have been written; and if they include inci- 
dents and traits which might otherwise seem too minute 
and personal, it is because they are meant for that inner 
circle in which the memory they seek to keep alive and 


to illustrate is already cherished as a household treasure. 


E 


CuarLtes Henry Marsnatt was born at Easton, 
Washington County, in the State of New York, April 
8, 1792. _ Both on the father’s and mother’s side, he 
was of Nantucket descent. His paternal grandfather, 
Benjamin Marshall, a Quaker by faith, followed the 
sea, like most of the men of Nantucket, during a long 
life, and died in his home on the island. — He left a son, 
Charles, who also began his active life on the deck of a 
whaler, and for some time. sailed out of Nantucket. 
The Revolutionary War, breaking out about the time | 
of the death of the elder Marshall, greatly interfered 
with the prosecution of the Nantucket whale-fisheries. 
The English men-of-war, cruising off the American 
coast, would often intercept the vessels seeking to make 
their way into port laden with the fruits of long years 
of labor and exposure in distant seas, while to send a 
ship refitted and equipped on an outward voyage was 
to risk its speedy capture. The hardy islanders, thus 
blockaded on the side of the ocean by an enemy whom 
they had no means of resisting, turned their eyes to the 
main-land. New England, from which their ancestors 


8 MEMORIAL. 


had been driven by persecution a century before, was 
not thought of as an asylum, but the border counties of 
New York offered a good climate, and cheap land, capa- 
ble of being easily cleared of the forest and reduced to 
cultivation. In 1779, a number of families broke up 
at Nantucket, and crossing to New Bedford, made their 
way to the Connecticut River, and thence northward, 
through its valley, to Vermont, and across the Green 
Mountains to the State of New York. They took up 
a section of land lying between Troy and Whitehall, in 
what was then known as the Saratoga Patent, embracing 
a portion of what is now the richest part of Washing- 
ton County. This exodus embraced the heads of some 
fifteen families with their children and household goods. 
It was six or seven years in advance of the emigration 
to Claverack Landing, which transferred to the banks 
of the Hudson so much of the enterprise and wealth of 
the people of Nantucket, and laid the foundations of 
the city of Hudson. 

. Charles Marshall came to the Saratoga Patent in the 
year 1785, after his father’s death. He was yet a young 
man, and his occupation as a sailor having been de-— 
stroyed, he turned farmer, and in 1786 married Heph- 
zibah, daughter of Nathan Coffin, one of the first emi- 
grants to New York. Nathan Coffin had been a 
contemporary, perhaps a shipmate, of his father, Ben- 
jamin Marshall. After a life of adventure on the ocean, 
he had set out, in an ox-team, with his wife, his son, and 
his daughters, for a new home in a northern wilderness 
He had experienced something more than mere appre- 


MEMORIAL. 9 


hension of peril from British cruisers. Before the Revo- 
lution, he had succeeded in saving from the earnings of 
some prosperous voyages a moderate sum of money, 
which he put into a common stock with some of his 
Nantucket neighbors, and, going to London, engaged 
with them in the venture of chartering a small vessel, 
which they freighted with a cargo of assorted merchan- 
dise for a home port. The war was already imminent, 
and, fearing trouble, the copartners procured a permit 
from the English admiralty authorizing them to enter 
any port on the American coast. They sailed with their 
cargo and crossed the ocean safely, but as they neared 
Nantucket were boarded by an English man-of-war : 
their pass was disregarded ; their vessel and cargo was 
seized as lawful prize, and the whole company, stripped 
of every thing, were taken to Martinique, and from there 
to New York, where they were thrown into the prison- 
ship “Jersey,” of infamous memory. In this wretched 
hulk Nathan Coffin lay for eleven months, sharing the 
privations and insults which made so many martyrs to 
the cruelties which disgraced the British occupation of 
our harbor. The vessel was anchored in the East River, 
and from time to time was visited by a lieutenant of the 
British navy, who approached many of the prisoners 
with offers of commissions in His Majesty’s service, pro- 
vided they would renounce the cause of the rebels, and 
give in their adhesion to the crown. To Nathan Coffin, 
who was an able and experienced shipmaster, he made 
liberal promises, tendering him a command and large 
pay. The reply of the stout-hearted sailor contained 


10 MEMORIAL. 


the whole spirit of the struggle for independence: “ You 
may hang me to the yard-arm of your frigate, but do 
not ask me to turn traitor to my country!” Isaac Coffin, 
an own cousin of Nathan, also an able seaman, - but 
lacking the patriotic ardor of his kinsman, yielded to 
the tempting offers of a commission, rose to the highest 
naval rank in the British service, and figures on its rolls 
as Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin. His loyal cousin, plain 
Nathan Coffin, never forgave what he deemed desertion 
from the flag and treason against the government of his 
native country. He persisted in his own choice of 
steadfast adhesion to the doubtful cause of the colonists, 
and, after suffering the privations of the prison-ship for 
eleven months, was at last released. He at once made 
his way to Nantucket, and shortly afterward, as we have 
seen, joined the party of emigrants to the colony in 
northern New York. 

‘Nathan Coffin settled upon a tract of one hundred 
and eighty acres, lying near the present town of Easton, 
Washington County, and there spent the rest of his life 
as a farmer. He lived to see the full triumph of the 
cause of Independence, and to enjoy many years of 
peace. He survived until 1813, when he died, at the 
age of seventy-nine. The War of 1812 was then in 
progress, and the old man attested his ruling love of 
country and his hatred of British supremacy in his last 
moments by uttering the fervent hope that there 
“might be an honorable peace, or none.” 

The family of Nathan Coffin had become permanent- 
ly attached to their new homestead. But the instincts of 


MEMORIAL. 11 


their Nantucket lineage led his boys to a seafaring life. 
One of them, Charles Coffin, left Easton at the age of 
sixteen, and went to Nantucket, retracing his father’s 
steps, like the sons of the early patriarchs, not like 
them in search of a wife, but of a ship, the first object 
in the affections of a born sailor. He served his ap- 
prenticeship by sailing on a whaling voyage, and soon 
showed that the old Nantucket blood had lost none of 
its vigor in the uplands of New York. While the 
british navy were practising the impressment of Amer- 
ican seamen, which led to the War of 1812, Charles 
Coffin was chief mate of a ship sailing from New York, 
called the “Melpomene.” On a voyage from New 
- York to Amsterdam, near the entrance of the English 
Channel, the ship received some damage, and put into 
Portsmouth, the principal naval station of England, 
for repairs. She was soon repaired, and got ready for 
sea. On the day of sailing, the master went ashore for 
a few hours, leaving the mate in charge, and during the 
day sent orders to him to “heave short” and be in 
readiness to get under way. The mate accordingly 
manned the windlass, and was heaving in the anchor, 
when a man-of-war’s boat was rowed alongside, and a 
young lieutenant came aboard. He advanced to the 
windlass and ordered the men to stop heaving. The 
mate, who was looking out for the cable as it came in, 
had not noticed the boat or the arrival of the lieuten- 
ant, and on seeing the windlass stop, gave the order to 
“heave away,” and turning to the men ‘asked why 
they had stopped. The lieutenant, with his hand on 


12 MEMORIAL. 


his sword, stepped forward rather briskly, and said, “I 
ordered them to stop!” On this, young Coffin, who 
was a man of great size and strength, quietly took the 
lieutenant by the shoulder, turned him round, and 
marched him to the gangway, through which he un- 
ceremoniously tumbled him into his boat. In the 
shortest possible space of time the “ Melpomene” was 
revisited by the boat, manned this time with an armed 
crew, and officered from the guard-ship of the fleet. 
The mate was summarily taken from his deck and put 
in irons on the guard-ship. He was afterward taken 
to the flag-ship, and there arraigned before the admiral 
and his officers. The admiral asked the young man his 
name. He answered, “ Charles Coffin.” ‘“ Whose son 
are you?” asked the admiral. ‘‘ Nathan Coffin’s.” The 
admiral hesitated a moment, and then remanded the 
prisoner, saying that he could not be tried until the 
next day. The same afternoon the admiral came on 
board the guard-ship and sent for the prisoner. He 
said to him privately: “I am Admiral Coffin, your 
father’s own cousin. You have thrown overboard one 
of His Majesty’s officers, and there is nothing to pre- 
vent your swinging from the yard-arm, but I will try 
to clear you.” He then instructed his belligerent kins- 
man to express regret for his hasty conduct, and to 
make what reparation he could by apologizing for his 
rashness and violence, and to leave the rest to him. 
The mate readily acquiesced, and, after appearing the 
second time before his judge, was sent back to his ship 
unharmed. Afterward the admiral paid him a visit, 


MEMORIAL. 13 


and invited him to dinner. Doubtless he hoped that 
the part he had taken to protect his gallant young 
kinsman would prompt kindly thoughts toward him in 
the heart of old Nathan Coffin. 

- Hephzibah, the sister of this bold sailor, Charles 
Coffin, and the daughter of the old patriot, Nathan 
Coffin, after her marriage with Charles Marshall, be- 
came the mother of a family of seven children, of 
whom Charles Henry, the subject of this sketch, was 
the third. The farm on which Charles Marshall had 
settled was a tract of about one hundred acres, lying 
ten miles north of the clearing of his father-in-law, 
Nathan Coffin. It was new land, covered with a forest 
which had never felt the axe, and the log hut which he 
built was the first sign of civilization which disturbed 
the solitude of the wilderness. It was a rude structure, 
about fifteen feet by eighteen, containing two rooms on 
the ground floor, and one room above, under the roof. 
The seven children were born in this log cabin, which 
was, in process of time, replaced by a frame house of 
ampler size. 


Ine 


Tue sons of Charles Marshall and Hephzibah Coffin 
all developed the instincts of their N antucket lineage. 
It does not appear that their parents intended either of 
them for the sea; but one by one, as they grew in years, 
all their thoughts, conformed by nature to the calling of 
the sailor, just as the oaks and pines of their native 
forests were conformed to the framework of the ships 
into whose structure they were destined to enter, turned 
in that direction. ‘The sea stories told around the cabin 
_ fires, among the snow-drifts of the Saratoga Patent, by 
the old Nantucket sailors, who looked back wistfully to 
the calling from which they had been driven, the dan- 
gers and excitements of which formed the staple of 
many a winter’s tale, filled the minds of the chil- 
dren who listened to them with all the restless desires 
which prompt to a sailor’s life. The story of his early 
home training, and of his departure from home at the 
age of fifteen, is told by Captain Marshall himself, in 
an incomplete narrative found among his papers, which 
contains many interesting particulars of his early ex- 
periences in “seeking his fortune” before the mast of a 


MEMORIAL. 15 


Nantucket whaler. It is an unfinished paper, breaking 
off abruptly in the midst of his first voyage; but as far 
as it goes it presents a truthful and vivid picture of his 
early life, and, with a few verbal alterations, is printed 
as he left it. | | 


“In the autumn of 1806 my parents, who were re- 
siding on a small farm inthe: same town with my 
grandfather, about two miles distant from him, were 
in very straitened circumstances, having to support a 
large family by what they could raise from their farm. 
This made it necessary that they should labor from day 
to day; but, notwithstanding their very limited means 
and the hardships they had to undergo, they manifested 
a great desire that their children should have some ad- 
vantages of education. To accomplish this was a mat- 
ter that seemed full of difficulty; there were no good 
schools then in the country—and, in fact, no schools 
at all, except that now and then one was got up by 
the neighborhood for three or four: months during the 
winter season. In December of the above-mentioned 
year my parents conceived the idea of sending myself 
and elder brother from home toa school about five miles 
distant, kept by a Quaker lady from. New Bedford, 
Eunice Brown. How was this to be done? My pa- 
rents had no money to pay for our board, and scarce- 
ly sufficient to pay.for our schooling. My excellent 
mother, who was a spirited:and ambitious woman, soon 
hit upon a plan that would enable us to have the ad- 
vantages of this school. There were two persons 


16 MEMORIAL. 


known to us living in the same neighborhood with — 
Eunice Brown, farmers, who, on inquiry, were found 
willing to receive us as boarders into their families on 
condition that we would work night and morning in 
doing such chores in and around the house as might be 
required of us. Thus, the terms and conditions being 
completed, we took our small stock of clothing and 
started for our new residence. We had been accus- 
tomed to work on a farm, and therefore it was no 
burden to us to enter upon the duties that were about 
to be assigned to us—chopping wood, taking care of 
horses, cows, etc.; and as we were both at the same 
school, we were together daily. The winter passed 
pleasantly, our employers expressing themselves fully 
satisfied with our services as compensation for our 
board. We remained through the winter, and re- 
turned to our father’s house in March, having bene- 
fited as much as could be expected. We had been 
kept at the plain English branches, such as reading, 
writing, arithmetic, and geography, in all of which 
we seemed to make respectable progress. It is proper 
to remark that for some two years previous to my leaving 
home on this school expedition, I had conceived an idea 
of going to sea. My grandfather had been a sailor, and 
his adventures during his sea life I had often listened to 
with much delight, so that my desire to see something 
of the world became very ardent, and occupied most 
of my thoughts. How was this to be brought about? 
I was almost too young to go away alone, not having 
attained my fifteenth year; still I was anxious to do 


MEMORIAL. 17 


so if I could get the consent of my parents, which, 
considering my early age and total ignorance of the 
world, never having been twenty-five miles from the 
spot where I was born, was a matter not likely to be 
accomplished without serious consideration on their 
part and a great trial of feeling on my own part. Still 
I lost no opportunity to urge them, promising good be- 
havior and the utmost diligence and industry in every 
thing that I might undertake. My mother finally con- 
sented, but it was with a condition that I should go to 
an eastern port and join a whaling ship that we had 
some knowledge was fitting for such a voyage. This 
ship, the ‘Lima,’ of Nantucket, was commanded by 
Captain Solomon Swain, who had a nephew, some two 
or three years older than myself, living in the same 
town with my parents. All things being prepared, my 
mother packed my sea-chest with such articles of sail- 
or’s clothing as she could procure, together with a 
quantity of ‘prog,’ consisting of a ham, a loaf of 
bread, pies, and crackers, and this, with thirteen dollars 
in money, which my father with much difficulty had 
raised, constituted my whole stock. The 15th day of 
April, 1807, was fixed for my departure. 

“As the day approached, the idea of leaving my 
home, humble as it was, and parting with my affection- 
ate parents, sisters, and brothers, for an indefinite pe- 
riod, and perhaps forever, required all the firmness that 
I could possibly summon to my aid; I felt at times 
that I could not endure the trial; but I was ambitious, 
and my Bade had been excited, and I determined to 


18 MEMORIAL. 


make a bold push and overcome every difficulty. At 
last the day arrived, and the wagon which was to con- 
vey me to Troy made its appearance at the door; my 
elder brother was appointed to accompany me so far on 
my way; we were summoned to the breakfast-table, 
which we surrounded with heavy hearts. The silence 
that prevailed, and the tears that were now and then 
seen trickling down the cheeks of parents, brothers, 
and sisters, made our parting a trial of feeling almost 
beyond my power to endure; but, taking fresh courage, 
I took my leave of all that I held most dear, to seek my 
fortune I hardly knew where or how. We proceeded 
to Troy that day, and on arriving, in the afternoon, 
my first object was to procure a passage in a vessel 
leaving for New York, which, on repairing to the dock, 
I secured, without much difficulty, in a sloop that was to 
sail the following day. My next object was to settle 
the passage-money with the captain, which I found, to 
my surprise, would cut very deeply into my limited 
finances; he said the passage, if I found myself in 
provisions, would be three dollars, and as that was the 
plan I started upon, having my ham, bread, and pies 
to depend on, we soon settled the matter, and after 
taking leave of my brother I found myself regularly 
booked and afloat upon the waters of the Hudson. 
_ Having recovered somewhat from my excitement and 
painful feelings, my thoughts began to run upon my 
future destiny and to realize the fact that my only de- 
pendence now was on myself; that I had voluntarily 
left my home to enter upon the world’s stage, deter- 


MEMORIAL. 19 


mined, God willing, to make my own way to fortune 
and fame. The beginning, young and unused as I was 
to mingling with strangers, and the low state of my 
finances, rendered my condition at times not only 
gloomy, but discouraging in the extreme. I could 
not, in spite of my fixed determination to persevere, 
keep my thoughts from wandering homeward, and now 
and then, in my melancholy moments, my heart would 
almost fail me; but I had put my hand to the plough, 
my pride was up, and my motto was ‘ Onward!’ 

“The next day we hoisted sail and proceeded down 
the river, the bustle and confusion in getting under 
way, and trimming the sails to the breeze, the orders 
from the captain, in a loud voice, and the ‘heave oh!’ 
from the sailors when pulling the ropes, struck this poor 
child of Nature with amazement. Every look from. the 
captain, or sailors, although they were of the fresh-water 
character, filled me with emotions of fear and trem- 
bling ; occasionally the sailors would speak to me, asking 
me questions as to where I was from, whither going, 
ete., all of which gratified me, as it enabled me to 
familiarize myself with them, and in doing this I ob- 
tained some valuable information as. to how I was to 
pursue my journey from New York. The vessel oc- 
cupied about four days in reaching her destination, 
during which time my mind was occupied in the pass- 
ing events and the manceuvres of the vessel, so that I 
quite began to recover from my melancholy mood. 
There were several other passengers on board, who 
seemed to be of the higher order, and who dined at the 


20 MEMORIAL. 


captain’s sumptuous table, while I, at the same time, 
partook of my humble fare of ham and pies, from my 
sea-chest, often casting a wistful eye toward the rich 
plum-pudding and sauce that formed a part of the 
luxuries of his table; these were altogether new sights 
to me, and the thought would now and then steal upon 
me, boy as I was, that the captain might be touched 
with a small spark of sympathy, and extend the trifling 
civility of ordering the steward to give me something ; 
but I regret to say that during the whole passage down, 
my heart was never cheered by any act of kindness 
from the captain, and my only share of the luxuries 
with which his table abounded was in seeing others 
enjoy them. There is one incident I must not forget to 
mention, which occurred on the passage down, proving 
the necessity, even in that early day, of a Maine liquor 
law. It seemed to be a custom on board among the 
hands to exact a tribute from those who had never 
passed down the river, in other words, from “ green 
hands;” this practice was generally put into execution 
when abreast of Pollopell’s Island, near Newburg, and 
well do I recollect the time when I was called upon to 
settle my account, in the shape of a quart of rum, to 
the men belonging to the vessel. They addressed me 
very politely, saying that this was a fixed custom, and in 
the event of a refusal to comply, they were in the habit 
of ducking the person so refusing by making a rope fast 
to him and gently throwing him overboard. I thought 
this a hard case, and remonstrated against so flagrant a 
piece of injustice, saying to them that my finances were 


MEMORIAL. 21 


limited, and that it was an insult that I could not sub- 
mit to. This bold stand seemed to enrage them, and 
one of their number, a man standing about six feet in 
his shoes, came with a rope to put around me; this 
brutal assault, which the captain should have prevented, 
operated upon my fears, and I gave up the struggle and 
satisfied them by saying I would pay the quart of rum, 
which I would buy from the captain. This secured me 
their friendship ; I immediately went to the captain and 
asked him if he would sell me the required quantity of 
liquor; he ordered the steward to measure it for me, for 
which I paid him three shillings and sixpence. Nothing 
further occurred during our passage down worthy of 
notice; we came round the Battery about four o’clock 
in the morning; I was on deck at the time; it was 
scarcely daylight; in casting my eyes up the East River 
I discovered a forest, which at first appeared to be trees; 
I was not a little puzzled at this, but on the approach 
of daylight, my mind was relieved, as it proved to be 
a forest of masts. We hauled in at Coenties Slip, and 
while I had a curiosity to penetrate into the city, I 
dared not, lest I should not find my way back to the 
vessel. The captain was kind in allowing me to re- 
main on board until I could get a passage on some 
other vessel. After looking about the slips I found a 
sloop bound to New Bedford, to sail in a day or two. 
I soon arranged for my passage by paying the captain 
four dollars, finding my own provisions, still relying on 
my ham and pies; I found it necessary (as the time we 
were likely to occupy in the passage was longer than I 


99 MEMORIAL. 


contemplated) to use economy in the consumption of 
my stock. This last payment reduced my cash to five 
dollars. After a passage of about five days we arrived 
in New Bedford, having had head winds, and spent a 
day or so in Tarpaulin Bay. My next object was to find 
a vessel that was going to the place of my destination, 
Nantucket. I was admonished by the low state of my 
provisions that dispatch was necessary, and, after cruis- 
ing along the wharf a short time, I found a small Nan- 
tucket vessel loaded with nuts. I soon made a bargain 
with the captain for one dollar and fifty cents for my 
passage, and the next day we sailed. We left in the 
early part of the day, and in the afternoon I found my- 
self safely landed. The captain permitted me to eat as 
many nuts as I pleased during the passage; this was a 
favor of no small moment, as my stock was all ex- 
hausted, except a small piece of dry bread, and here 
and there a mouthful which was attached to my old 
friend the ham. Speaking of the ham, I always re- 
gretted that I did not preserve the bone, by way of 
commemorating the good service it had done me. 
However, my mind has often recurred to it with feel- 
ings of great pleasure. Having now landed at the 
place where I expected to ship for a Cape Horn voyage, 
my funds being at a very low ebb, my next anxiety was 
to procure a place on board a vessel or to find some 
kind friends to take me on credit for the time I should 
have to remain, and allow me to pay on my return. I 
was not long in finding a resting-place. A kind Nan- 
tucket lady not only admitted me as one of her family, 
but often sympathized with me in my gloomy moments, 


MEMORIAL. 93 


furnished me with such articles of clothing as I still 
needed for my long voyage, and agreed to wait the re- 
sult for her pay. J must not pass this over without 
expressing my heart-felt gratitude for her kindness. 
‘A stranger, she took me in, fed, and clothed me,’ 
may she meet with that reward in heaven which is 
prepared for the just! She lived a good Christian wo- 
man, and died at the advanced age of ninety-five years. 
The next day after my arrival I repaired to the dock in 
pursuit of the good ship ‘Lima’ and Captain Swain. 
I soon found them, and told the captain who I was, 
and my desire to ship with him. He looked at me and 
said, ‘I want young men, but you are a mere boy, and 
too light for my purposes.’ This answer, though ut- 
tered in the kindest manner, shocked me very much, 
and operated upon my feelings in a manner I could not 
disguise. The captain, perceiving my embarrassment, . 
immediately relieved me by saying, ‘I will take you, 
my lad; I dare say you will make up in smartness 
what you lack in size.’ Thus I was made happy, 
and the next day mounted my tarpaulings and re- 
ported myself on board the ship for service. The ves- 
sel was undergoing a thorough overhauling, and being 
newly coppered, which, with the loading, occupied 
about one month, so that it was not until the 2d day of 
June, 1807, that all hands were mustered on board, and 
we set sail for the Pacific Ocean, to cruise for the great 
sperm whules. The weather was fine, and, with a 
smooth sea, we sailed out of the harbor, and a tolerably 
fine breeze soon carried us to the open sea. 


24 MEMORIAL. 


“Tt would be difficult to describe my feelings when 
the last speck of land was lost to our view, and, casting 
my eyes round the horizon, I saw nothing but one vast 
expanse of ocean. As the ship began to roll and pitch 
a little, I was reminded of certain premonitions which I 
had experienced in coming through the Sound on board 
the sloop, and I made my way to my bunk, and there 
enjoyed a sound sleep. 

“ Time passed on, and nothing of importance occurred 
till we made the Island of Flores, one of the Azores, at 
which place we stopped for a few hours to obtain vegeta- 
bles, hogs, and goats, articles very necessary to preserve 
health on a long voyage. From that island we put 
away for the Cape De Verde Islands. Nothing mate- 
rial occurred during many days of pleasant sailing and 
fine summer weather, until we made land, which proved 
to be the Island of Fogo; during this time my sea- 
sickness ebbed and flowed according to the motion of 
the ship, and I was never a moment really well. We 
remained at this island but a very short time, pro- 
cured a few pigs and fowls, and then shaped our 
course for the Pacific. We made rapid progress, 
the weather being fine, and a steady trade-wind 
in a few days brought us up with the equator. To 
cross the equator at that time of the world was a 
matter of no little interest, especially to young be- 
ginners. Fresh as I was from a country wilderness, 
scarcely knowing enough of the geography of the 
world to understand the meaning of the equinoctial 
line, it was not difficult to discover my extreme igno- 


MEMORIAL. 25 


rance in these matters, and the more experienced amused 
themselves by telling me all sorts of stories of what 
would take place when we struck the line; that old 
Neptune would appear in a car and come on board in 
the character of some great high admiral or commander 
of the seas; that he would demand of all the young 
men and boys to appear before him; and in the event 
of their not having crossed the line before, he would 
subject them to a peculiar kind of shaving, the lather 
being made of tar and slush, and the razor a piece of 
iron hoop. All this was seriously set forth by many of 
my older shipmates, and although I had some mis- 
givings as to the truth of their statements, I confess it 
made me fear that some folly might be enacted upon 
greenhorns. We, however, passed the line, and no 
Neptune appeared. I found, years afterward, that this 
attempt upon my ignorance and credulity was no idle 
tale, but founded on a practice of the English merchant 
marine, and many times carried to a ridiculous and im- 
proper extent. 

“We continued our course southward, enjoying most 
charming weather, with favorable breezes. My sea- 
sickness was fast leaving me, and my ambition to be- 
come familiar with the duties which I was expected to 
perform, and which I was desirious to excel in, soon 
took the place of my despondency, and although 
neither time nor space could wholly cure my home- 
sickness, still, as my health arid strength improved, and 
as I became interested in my duties, which I very soon 
discovered I could by diligence and industry accomplish, 


26 MEMORIAL. 


I became a happy and contented boy, ready at all times 
to do the bidding of my superiors, and to do any duty 
which a greenhorn of my size and strength could rea- 
sonably be called on to perform either below or aloft. 
My ardent desire was to stand well with my captain, 
who was a gentleman and a sailor of the old school. 
His starting in life was somewhat similar to my own. 
He was a thorough disciplinarian, stern in his manner, 
always maintaining the highest order on his ship; yet 
he had a soft and kind word for me, almost without 
exception. Thus we sailed on southward till we 
reached the Falkland Islands, a group situated be- 
tween forty-six degrees to fifty degrees of south lati- 
tude. The weather became rather cold and boisterous 
as we advanced southward, and as we wanted a fresh 
supply of water, our captain entered a harbor in one 
of those islands, a beautiful, smooth bay, almost en- 
tirely landlocked, were we cast anchor and remained 
about two weeks. During this time a part of the 
crew were employed in filling the water-casks and 
floating them to the ship, while the remainder were 
roaming over the island in pursuit of wild hogs and 
geese, which were found here in great numbers, and of 
which we obtained an abundant supply. Having ac- 
complished our objects in touching at this island, we 
lifted our anchor and made sail for Cape Horn. 

“The ship, being stanch and tight, our vigilant 
captain and officers put: her in the best condition to 
encounter the stormy weather and high seas generally 
prevailing off Cape Horn. Our approach to the Cape 


MEMORIAL. OT 


was not marked by any thing noteworthy. We had 
favorable winds and no very violent gales to report. 
We came very near the land in approaching the Cape, 
and passed through the straits of ‘Le Maire,’ in full 
view of the Horn, which was an event of no small 
matter in those days. Thus we sped our way down 
the coast until we made the Island of Mocha, near the 
coast of Chili; the next land we made was the Island 
of St. Mary’s, near the Bay of Conception, a port fre- 
quently resorted to by whale-ships for supplies. Since 
that period it has been mainly destroyed by earth- 
quakes, and is now known by the name of Talcahuana, 
On leaving St. Mary’s, we proceeded down the coast, 
expecting soon'to reach the ground of operation among 
the whales, which we were all anxious to gain. We had 
not sailed far before our wishes were gratified; the cry 
from aloft was ‘ Jonah!’ which indicated that whales 
were near the ship. On looking round, it was very 
soon discovered from the deck that a large lone sperm 
whale was quite near us. The next thing was to lower 
the boats and give him battle. Every thing was done 
in the quickest possible manner, and all the boats, three 
in number, were soon in full pursuit. The whale was 
found to be heading in a certain direction, and throwing 
up his spouts, which were easily seen from the boats. 
We were fast approaching her, when in a moment she 
peaked her flukes, and was lost to our view. 

“There is something remarkable in the movement 
of the sperm whale, especially when found alone, or 
when only two or three are together. They are sup- 


98 MEMORIAL. 


posed to continue the same course under water which 
they were pursuing before peaking their flukes, and to 
remain a certain time, when they rise to the surface 
and commence spouting. The boats row on moderately 
in the direction the whale is supposed to be going 
while out of sight, so as to be near him when he next 
makes his appearance. This course was pursued by 
our three boats, and the greatest excitement and inter- 
est was manifested in the officers and crews of each as 
to who would be nearest the whale when she made her 
appearance. For myself, being but a boy, and the 
lightest hand in the boat, I was placed at the after- 
oar in the second mate’s boat; and while we waited, in 
breathless anxiety, the monster broke water quite near 
our boat, and by shoving round and pulling a few 
strokes, we came within close darting distance. Our har- 
-poonsman, who was very clever at the work, jumped 
upon his feet and plunged both harpoons into that part 
of the whale where there was no fear of their being 
readily hauled out. The other boats were fast ap- 
proaching us, and the great anxiety on the part of our 
young and vigilant officer was to complete the killing 
of the whale before the other boats could reach the 
scene of action. So eager was he to secure that honor, 
that he very imprudently ordered the boat hauled di- 
rectly upon the back of the whale, when he com- 
menced sitting upon her with his lance, which he soon 
drove to the vital part. The whale, in his paroxysms, 
floundered to such a degree as to knock our boat almost 
into flinders; the other boats being quite near, we were 


MEMORIAL. | 29 


soon extricated from our perilous condition, and safely 
taken on board the ship, having accomplished our pur- 
pose of striking and killing the first whale, which was 
considered a great honor. This was a good beginning; 
the whale was a large one, making nearly one hundred 
barrels. For myself, who had never witnessed such a 
scene, I felt that if this was a fair specimen of what we 
had to go through to fill our ship, there was little 
prospect of my ever revisiting the scenes of my child- 
hood; but we very soon met with more whales, and 
being more successful in their capture, my fright passed’ 
off, and I soon felt that interest which dissipates fear, 
and every thing went on satisfactorily.” 


The “Lima” made a successful voyage, and the 
spring of 1809 found her safely anchored in the harbor 
of Nantucket. Young Marshall received his “lay,” or 
share of the proceeds of the cargo, according to the 
established rule of distribution on whaling-ships, took 
leave of his friendly captain, and set out for home. He 
had grown so tall and stout during his two years of 
sailor-life, that his own brother, meeting him as he 
came up the road toward his father’s house, did not 
recognize him. He was warmly welcomed home ; the 
story of the voyage was told and retold, and he counted 
into his father’s hand the sum of three hundred dollars, 
his first earnings, and the earnest of his success in the 
calling of his choice. After a stay of only two or 
three weeks, he left home again, and shipped at New 
York as ordinary seaman on the “ Alexander,” Captain 


30 | MEMORIAL. 


Reuben Bunker, for a voyage to Hull, in England, re- 
turning home early in the autumn of the same year. 
During the winter of 1810, Charles remained on 
shore, and, with his elder brother Benjamin, entered 
the academy at Johnstown. They pursued their 
studies until spring, when they made the journey 
homeward to Easton, a distance of fifty miles, on 
foot, and Charles then went to New York, where 
Captain Bunker, who had exchanged the command 
of the “Alexander” for that of the ship “ William 
‘Jane,’ was glad to secure his services as seaman, 
and he shipped with him for a voyage to Riga, in 
Russia. The captain was a Nantucket Quaker, a man 
of sterling character, and his crew was mainly com- 
posed of young men who, like Charles Marshall, fol- 
lowed the sea as a profession, and not as mere adven- 
turers, and who looked forward to becoming, as many of 
them did in due time, masters of their own vessels. A 
voyage to the Baltic at that time involved the risk of 
capture by the armed Danish cruisers, which, under the 
operation of the paper blockade of the Berlin and Milan 
Decrees, committed constant depredations on our com- 
merce, capturing merchant-vessels wherever they could 
find them, and carrying them into port, not so much in 
the expectation of condemning them as prizes as of 
forcing a ransom or compromise from the owners. The 
“ William Jane” did not succeed in reaching Riga with- 
out molestation. While passing through the Little Belt, 
before entering the Baltic Sea, she was overhauled by a 
Danish man-of-war, which demanded her surrender. 


MEMORIAL. 31 


The Quaker captain had no guns on his ship, and after 
expressing the wish that he and his crew could break the 
fingers of their captors with the ship’s handspikes, he 
was compelled to strike her flag without a blow, and 
was carried into Collenburg, a port on the northern coast 
of Denmark. Here the “ William Jane” was detained 
nearly a year. The summer went by, and the autumn, 
and still Captain Bunker and his men were imprisoned 
on their vessel, and through all the long cold northern 
winter they were frozen in in this hostile harbor. But 
the young men did not waste their time in repining over 
their misfortune. A school was formed in the fore- 
eastle; the studies begun in the Johnstown Academy 
were continued in the little Danish seaport, and the 
crew divided their time between skating around the 
vessel on the thick ice by which she was hemmed in, 
and learning their lessons and reciting them to one 
another on shipboard. When the spring opened they 
obtained permission to clear, and finally sailed for Riga, 
no proceedings having been taken to forfeit the vessel 
or her cargo. 

_ After discharging cargo, the “ William Jane” set 
out on her homeward voyage, and came through the 
Baltic under convoy of a British fleet. After being out 
a few days she encountered a terrific gale, which during 
the night scattered the vessels of the fleet, so that when 
the storm cleared away in the morning, not one of them 
was to be seen from her deck. No further mishap was 
met with, and she reached New York in safety; but it 
was not until February, 1812, that the young Marshalls, 


39 MEMORIAL. 


after the varied experiences of this unlucky voyage, 
found themselves at home in Easton. 

Before Charles Marshall could find another vessel, 
the war-cloud, overhanging the relations between the 
United States and Great Britain, began to discharge its 
thunders. Early in April, 1812, Congress passed an act 
laying an embargo on all ships and vessels in the ports 
of the United States, by which the sailing of any Amer- 
ican vessel for a foreign port was prohibited. This 
was preliminary to the declaration of war which fol- 
lowed in June of the same year. It put an end to all 
thoughts of sea-service on the part of Charles Mar- 
shall, and he turned to farming during the summer 
and fall of 1812, and in the winter went to school 
at Easton. These forced periods of study, during 
two successive winters, first in the distant, ice-locked 
harbor of Collenburg, and then among the hills of 
Washington County, were of the greatest value, 
enabling young Marshall to lay the foundations of 
a good English education, and to form a taste for 
reading, which he retained through life, and which 
formed one of the most pleasurable occupations of 
his later years. The spring and summer of the fol- 
lowing year were chiefly spent on the farm. This year 
the boys were all at home. Their father had just sold 
the tract of one hundred acres where he had first set- 
tled, and on which they had all been born, at the price 
of twenty-four dollars an acre, with the improvements, 
and had purchased of Nathan Coffin his farm of one 
hundred and eighty acres, with the frame house which 


MEMORIAL. 33 


he had built. This arrangement united the two fami- 
lies; and the old people, Nathan Coffin and his wife, the 
grandfather and grandmother of the household, lived 
during the short residue of their lives under the same 
roof with their son-in-law and his children. 


3 


TIT. 


THE autumn of 1813 saw the war still lingering on 
the frontiers and the seaboard, with varying fortunes, a 
prospect less encouraging to the American cause than 
that foretokened by its brilliant opening victories. The 
dying prayer of Nathan Coffin, which I have already 
quoted, “that there might be an honorable peace, or 
none,” uttered about this time, was inspired by appre- 
hension as well as by hope. The British successes along 
the Niagara frontier, and the loss of the “ Chesapeake ” 
off Boston harbor, were hardly counterbalanced by the 
victory of Perry on Lake Erie; and the young men who 
waited on shore, hoping to resume their peaceful occu- — 
pations at sea, saw little hope of a speedy cessation of 
hostilities. Charles Marshall remained at home until the 
close of the season, and then, having no further duties on 
the farm, and having exhausted the resources of the vil- 
lage school, took up the new vocation of a teacher. Hear- 
ing of a new settlement in the wilderness, fifty or sixty 
miles northwest of Easton, called Sollenadagah, now 
the town of Northampton, he set off on horseback, ac- 
companied by his younger brother, Frederick, to offer 


MEMORIAL. 35 


his services as schoolmaster. The place proved to be a 
clearing with a cluster of log-houses, and among them a 
school-house, in which Charles Marshall was duly in- 
stalled for the winter months, and there eee some 
thirty scholars in the ‘‘ rudiments.” 

At the opening of spring in 1814, he returned home, 
and hearing of an opportunity of employment on one 
of the few steamboats then plying on the: Hudson 
River, the “ Paragon,” commanded by Captain Samuel 
Wiswall, of Hudson, he served on her for the summer, 
going back at haying-time. Later in the same year he 
went to Sackett’s Harbor, on Lake Ontario, where his 
maternal uncle, Elisha Coffin, had engaged in trade. 
A division of the army was there in winter quarters, 
and Commodore Chauncey’s fleet lay in the harbor, 
giving to the place, which was but a rude settlement, 
quite the air of a seaport and naval station, as well as 
a military post. Charles Marshall formed a partner- 
ship with his uncle, and remained with him until the 
spring of 1815. This first mercantile venture was not 
unsuccessful, and the profits were fairly divided. 

At last the war ended, and the ships in all our 
ports bent their sails for new voyages. Ch rrles Mar- 
shall hastened to New York and shipped as second mate 
on the ship “ Mary,” Captain Peter Fosdick, bound for 
Oporto. On the return of the ship to New York, Cap- 
tain Robert Waterman was made master, and young 
Marshall promoted to be mate. They made a second 
voyage to Oporto, where the ship was sold. and the 
officers came home in another vessel. 


36 MEMORIAL. 


His next voyage, in the fall of 1816, was as mate in 
the ship “ Albert Gallatin,” owned by Jacob Barker, and 
commanded by Captain Charles Clark. His brother 
Frederick went as second mate. The voyage was from 
New York to Savannah, and thence, with a cargo of 
cotton, to Liverpool, which port he then visited for the 
first time. After returning to New York, he was made 
mate of the new ship “ Courier,” commanded by Captain 
William Bowne, and owned by Isaac Wright and Jere- 
miah Thompson, and sailed in her on his second voyage 
to Liverpool. On his return to New York he was 
offered the command of the “Julius Czesar,” a smart 
ship of three hundred and fifty tons, built in New 
York, and owned by Philetus Havens and Gabriel 
Havens, a position which he gladly accepted, and found 
himself, after nearly ten years of patient effort, on the 
roll of American shipmasters. Captain Marshall took 
command of his ship, and loaded her for Charles- 
ton, S. C., where she was to take a cargo of cotton for 
Liverpool. He sailed from New York in November, 
1816. The ship was well manned with a crew of 
twelve men, his brother Frederick again accompany- 
ing him as second officer. 

At Charleston he lay until March, 1817, waiting for 
a cargo, which was at length secured, and the ship was 
got ready for sea. As this was his first voyage as mas- 
ter to a foreign port, the young captain, entering with 
spirit into the rivalry which belonged to the merchant 
marine of that day, was ambitious of showing what his 
ship could do under his command. An opportunity 


MEMORIAL. 387 


presented of testing the merits of both vessel and mas- 
ter, of which he was not slow in availing himself. The 
ship “ Martha,” of New York, a fast sailer, lay at 
- Charleston ready for sea, and intending to clear for 
Liverpool about the same time as the “ Julius Ceasar.” 
She was commanded by Captain Glover, a bachelor, 
fond of society, and known among his shipmates by 
the sobriquet of Beau Glover, but equally well known 
as an experienced sailor and shipmaster, who knew how 
to handle his vessel, and make the best possible time 
from port to port. The “Julius Cesar” was a new 
ship, and both she and her master had their reputations 
to make. Philetus Havens, one of the owners, came to 
Charleston just before she sailed, and learning that the 
“ Martha” was bound on the same voyage, promised 
his new captain a suit of clothes, the favorite expression 
of a shipowner’s appreciation, if he would beat the 
“Martha” into Liverpool. Captain Marshall accepted 
the challenge, and took from his owner a letter to the 
consignees of the ship in Liverpool to provide the suit 
of clothes at the ship’s expense if she won the race. 
The “ Martha” sailed one day ahead of the “ Julius 
Cesar.” It was well known to all hands on both ships 
that the two vessels were entered for a race across the. 
Atlantic, and every nerve was strained on each ship. 
The “Julius Cesar,” which had the disadvantage of 
losing a day at the start, was kept under all the canvas 
she could bear. It was boisterous March weather, high 
winds and rough seas, but the captain, mates, and sail- 
ors all worked with a will, and drove the ship night and 


38 MEMORIAL. 


day, the seas breaking over her so that there was hardly 
a dry man on board during the whole voyage. She 
was in the Channel:in eighteen days from the day she 
left Charleston. Here the weather was very thick and 
rainy, and they could not make out land or lights. But 
all risks must be taken, and the captain crowded on sail, 
running through the fog at full speed, giving the course 
according to his best judgment, and fortunately steering 
clear of all danger. On the twenty-second day out the 
vessel was off Point Linus, at the mouth of the Mersey: 
Here she lay to, and signalled for a pilot. At day- 
break the next morning a pilot came aboard, and to the 
first question put by the captain whether the “ Martha” 
had gone in, answered “No,” to the infinite delight of 
all hands. The next day, as the “ Julius Ozsar” neared 
Liverpool, the fog, which had prevailed for some days, 
lifted, and Captain Marshall perceived a vessel astern 
coming up the river. He seized his glass, and looked 
at the distant vessel. It was the “Martha.” She was 
beaten by eighteen hours, exclusive of her day’s start. 
Captain Marshall lost no time in presenting him- 
self at the office of his consignees, who could hardly 
credit the story of his voyage ; they had not looked for 
him until after the arrival of the “ Martha,” and were 
astonished at his audacity in distancing her. The suit 
of clothes was fairly won and proudly worn. 

This story of his first ocean-race Captain Marshall 
used to tell with great gusto. It was, in truth, more 
than a mere feat of seamanship. . It showed the energy 
and determination of the man, and his settled purpose 


MEMORIAL. 39 


to excel in his profession. It was the thorough training 
and the high character of the shipmasters of that day, 
and their active competition, which gave to the Ameri- 
can merchant marine its preéminence on all the seas, 
and won for it the respect of the world. To stand in 
the front rank of master mariners was no small distinc- 
tion. It was gained by Captain Marshall on his first 
voyage in his first ship. 

The “ Julius Cesar” returned to New York, and 
was dispatched by her owners to the East Indies. 
Captain Marshall sailed on the 18th of August, 1817, 
and made a successful voyage to Caleutta, where he 
had an opportunity of acquainting himself. with the 
commerce and affairs of British India, and enlarging 
his stock of information in many useful particulars. 
On his return voyage his ship sprung a leak, and was 
dismasted in a gale of wind. He put into the Isle of 
France, and, after remaining at Port Louis for several 
months repairing damages and refitting, pursued his 
voyage, and reached New York in safety. 

This was Captain Marshall’s last voyage in the 
“ Julius Cesar.” She was sold, and he took command 
of the “Thames,” a larger vessel, rating four hundred 
tons, and in her he made two voyages to London. 

About this time the enterprise of a few shipping- 
merchants in New York led to the establishment of 
the line of packets between New York and Liverpool, 
which, under the names of the “ Black Ball Line,” and 
the “ Old Line” of Liverpool packets, was, until the era 
of ocean steam navigation, one of the chief means of 


40 MEMORIAL. 


communication between the Old World and the New, 
and which still maintains its place as an important 
vehicle of commerce. In the conveyance of cabin- 
passengers the packet-ship has been long ago super- 
seded by the ocean steamer, just as in the transmission 
of news, the ocean steamer is now in its turn superseded 
by the Atlantic cable. But in 1817, when the “ Black 
Ball Line” of packets was formed, it was a movement 
of no little vigor and enterprise, and was a marked 
step in the advance of our commerce. Before the war, 
and up to the year 1817, the passenger from New York 
to Liverpool, or Liverpool to New York, was compelled 
to find a place on a merchant-vessel, having at best but 
a very small cabin, poorly furnished, and inadequately 
supplied. ‘There were no passenger-vessels, and the 
idea of encouraging or providing for travel on an ocean 
route was unknown; the stray passengers who crossed 
in the merchantmen accepting the discomforts of the 
voyage as the inevitable conditions of going to sea, and 
the master and crew regarding the passengers as a 
species of live freight, entitled to little more con- 
sideration than the rest of the cargo. The circular 
which announced the formation of a line of passenger 
packets, to sail interchangeably from New York and 
Liverpool on a certain day in every month, throughout 
the year, was a novelty and an experiment. The ship- 
masters were divided in opinion as to its practicability, 
many of them doubting whether it was possible to dis- 
patch the vessels with any regularity. The line was 
originated by Isaac Wright & Son, Francis Thompson, 


MEMORIAL, AY 


Jeremiah Thompson, and Benjamin Marshall, a mem- 
ber of a different family from that of Captain Marshall. 
The prospectus, signed by the proprietors, was dated 
“New York, Eleventh Month (November) 27th, 1817,” 
and stated that in order to furnish frequent and regular 
conveyances for goods and passengers between New 
York and Liverpool, they had undertaken to establish a 
_ line consisting of four vessels, the “ Amity,” the “ Cou- 
rier,” the “ Pacific,” and the “ James Monroe,” each of 
about four hundred tons burden, fast sailers, with un- 
commonly extensive and commodious accommodations | 
for passengers, and declared their intention to dispatch 
these vessels monthly, one to sail from New York on 
the 5th and one from Liverpool on the 1st of every 
month. Contemporaneous with this circular were an- 
nouncements by other enterprising New York carriers 
of a new line of post-chaises to Philadelphia, and a tri- 
weekly steamboat line to Albany ! 

The Liverpool packets proved a success, and Captain 
Marshall was soon called into the corps of shipmasters, 
who, by their skill and fidelity, gave to the vessels of 
the “ Black Ball Line” their high reputation on both 
sides of the Atlantic. The first ship of the line which 
he commanded was the “James Cropper,” built as a 
Liverpool packet, five hundred tons burden, and re- 
garded at that time as quite a prodigy of size. In the 
same year in which he took command of this ship, 1822, 
he married Fidelia Wellman, daughter of Dr. Lemuel 
Wellman, of Piermont, New Hampshire. She was a 
woman of rare personal beauty, and of most lovely 


49 MEMORIAL. 


character, a true wife and a faithful mother, devoted to 
her husband during the eighteen years of their wedded 
life, and now sleeping by his side. “e! 

Captain Marshall commanded successively the “ James 
Cropper,” the “ Britannia,” and the “ South America,” of 
the “Old Line,” during twelve years of constant service. 
The last-named of these vessels was a ship of over six 
hundred tons, the maximum size which had then been 
reached in the art of ee Ue for the esp i 
trade. 

The eighteen years which had passed from the time 
when Captain Marshall took command of the “Julius 
Cesar” to the close of his service as a shipmaster, 
covered an eventful period in our commerce. These were 
bright days for the American merchant marine. . Every 
wind that blew brought fresh fortune to its unfurled sails. 
It has been claimed that the War of 1812 settled nothing, 
that the whole question of impressments and neutral 
rights, the ostensible cause of the war, was not disposed 
of by its issue or by the treaty of Ghent, which settled 
the terms of peace; but in fact the war settled the whole 
question of the rights of the American marine and of 
the freedom of the seas as definitely as if every advan- 
cing step in the progress of our commerce had been pro- 
vided for by treaty stipulations. The war, as fought and 
finished, was as decisive on every point involved, al- 
though the decision was not formally embodied in pub- 
lic records, as the recent struggle with rebellion, al- 
though no traitor has been tried, convicted, or hanged. 
It did the work which was needed. It swept away 


MEMORIAL. 43 


oO 


every hinderance from the path of our shipping in 
all the seas, and the new impulse which it gave to our 
commerce was felt in every fibre of the national life. 
The long, dull years between the breaking out of hos- 
tilities and their close, during which American seamen 
were pent up in foreign ports, or exiled to the wilderness 
in search of a livelihood, were not lost ; they were years 
of preparation and training, in which strength and 
courage were gained for the great work which was to be 
done, and we have seen with what alacrity the well- 
trained seaman sprang to his post the moment it could 
be regained. . The rapid advance in the size and capaci- 
ty of vessels, the growth of our registered tonnage, and 
the reputation gained and kept by our ships, were due 
to the character of the men who commanded them and 
who manned them. The packet service, which, with its 
system and order, replaced and superseded the irregular 
voyages of the merchantmen, was brought to its per- 
fection by the labor and fidelity of those who vied with 
one another in winning for the commerce of their native 
country the supremacy of the ocean. The packet-mas- 
ter was not a mere carrier of passengers and freight, nor 
a mere instrument of the traffic in which he was en- 
gaged. He was the representative and exponent of the 
enterprise and patriotism which sought expression in 
every effort to raise the commerce of the United States 
to its predestined height. And his ship, stanch and 
thoroughly appointed, well officered and manned, a 
model in build and rigging for sea-service and for speed, 
furnished with comforts and luxuries before that time 


44 MEMORIAL. 


unknown in ocean travel, was more than a mere vehi- 
cle of merchandise or passengers; it was the medium 
of communication between the two worlds, the Old and 
and the New; it brought the news after an interval of 
ten, sometimes twenty, or even thirty days from all 
Europe to America; while the limited number of pas- 
sengers which it conveyed embraced a large proportion 
of cultivated and intelligent persons, foreigners visiting 
our country, Americans indulging in what was then the 
comparatively rare luxury of European travel, busi- 
ness men engaged in operations important enough to 
require the long passage across the ocean, or the repre- 
sentatives of our own and foreign governments, passing 
and repassing to and from their posts of duty. The 
master of such a ship, if he were capable of discharging 
his duties and equal to their high responsibilities, de- 
served the success which usually followed faithful ser- 
vice in so difficult and perilous a career, and it was a 
natural transition for him to step from his ship’s deck 
into the most important commercial relations on shore. 


IV. 


Caprain Marsnatt left the seain 1834. Besides his 
whaling voyage, his East India voyage, and his coasting 
voyages, he had crossed the Atlantic Ocean ninety-four 
times. After this long apprenticeship he took his place 
among the shipping merchants of New York. The con- 
trol of the ships of the “ Old Line” had passed into the 
hands of Messrs. Goodhue & Co., and other owners, in 
whose behalf Captain Marshall asumed their entire man- 
agement. Subsequently he purchased the interest of 
Messrs. Goodhue & Co., and became the principal 
proprietor and active manager of the line. The under- 
taking was, to a great degree, an experiment with him, 
as up to this time he had acquired but little experience 
in mercantile affairs, and the business required large 
resources and constant vigilance. A favorable arrange- 
ment with the house of Messrs. Baring Brothers & Co., 
who became the consignees of the ships in Liverpool, 
aided in placing the enterprise upon a satisfactory foot- 
ing, and it went on with great success. Captain Mar- 
shall retained the management of the line for thirty 
years, identifying himself during all this period with 
the leading movements of commerce in this city, and 


4G: MEMORIAL. 


bringing into practical exercise the experience he had 
gained in his long training as a seaman, and in his 
varied intercourse with men. He superintended the 
building of new vessels to replace the earlier and 
smaller packets of the line, and many of the finest 
carrying ships in our port were constructed and equip- 
ped under his practised eye. The vessels thus added by 
him were the “ Oxford,” “ Cambridge,” “ New York,” 
“ Montezuma,” “ Yorkshire,” “ Fidelia,” “Isaac Wright,” 
“Tsaac Webb,” “ Columbia,” “ Manhattan,” ‘“ Harvest 
Queen,” “ Great Western,” and “ Alexander Marshall,” 
ranging from six hundred tons to fifteen hundred tons 
burden. Under his administration the ships of the 
“Old Line” made eight hundred voyages to Liver- 
pool. He carried the packet service to its highest 
point of utility and profit, and, as he had seen its first 
beginnings, and brought it to its fullest development, so 
he saw it gradually superseded, first as to cabin passen- 
gers and the transmission of intelligence, and then, to 
a large extent, as to freight and steerage passengers, 
‘by the ocean steamers and propellers. He built one 
steamer, the “ United States,” a first-class vessel, of 
two thousand tons burden, costing about $300,000, 
and placed her on the route between New York and 
Southampton, but after a few voyages she was sold to 
the Prussian Government during the contest between 
Denmark and Schleswig-Holstein. 

Captain Marshall brought into his dealings as a 
merchant, the positive qualities which were the natural 
fruits of the life whose successive stages we have traced 


MEMORIAL. AT 


on sea and shore. I have dwelt with more minuteness 
on the incidents of his seafaring life, not merely on ac- 
count of the interest which belongs to them, but chiefly 
because they furnish the key to that part of his career 
in which he was best known in our commercial com- 
munity. His independence, his decision of character, 
his circumspection, his singleness of purpose, his fore- 
sight in all matters within the range of his calling, and 
his eminent public spirit came from the prudent self- 
reliance which was developed in his early contests with 
fortune and with the elements, and from the largeness 
of the views which he had gained in his world-wide 
circuits on the seas. He interested himself in all move- 
ments relating to commerce, entering into them with a 
degree of earnestness and intelligence which made his 
cooperation doubly serviceable. His sympathies were 
specially drawn toward seamen and every thing affect- 
ing their interests. The legislation of Congress and of 
the State relating to our foreign commerce, to pilotage, 
_ to emigration, to the care of disabled seamen, to the 

institutions of charity in behalf of the children of 
seafaring men, he watched with a jealous eye, and aided 
in establishing upon a proper basis. From 1851 to 
1855, he was one of the Commissioners of Emigra- 
tion, and rendered most efficient service in that impor- 
tant trust. As president of the Marine Society for 
twenty years, he was, ex-officio, one of the trustees of 
the Sailors’ Snug Harbor, an institution over which he 
watched with the most unremitting assiduity, spending 
many hours within the walls of its hospital, and giving 


48 MEMORIAL. 


much of his time to its affairs. The kindred and neigh- 
boring charities of the Seamen’s Fund and Retreat, and 
the Home for Seamen’s Children, shared with the Sail- 
ors’ Snug Harbor in his constant care. In 1845 he was 
chosen one of the Board of Commissioners of Pilots of 
this port, and continued to serve in that capacity until his 
death. This trust is wisely delegated by our existing 
State laws to a body of practical men selected from 
among those who have had personal experience as ship- 
masters, and, by a singular coincidence, the Commission 
embraced among its six members, for upward of eighteen 
years, three who had been shipmates in the “ Courier ”’ 
when she sailed out of New York on the voyage we have 
noted, in 1817—Charles H. Marshall, Robert L. Taylor, 
and George W. Blunt. The proceedings, which form a 
part of this memorial, in the Board of Commissioners of 
Pilots, the Chamber of Commerce, and other institutions, 
fitly present this part of Captain Marshall’s career, and 
show the impression which he made on his associates in 
these public relations. They are sincere tributes to his 
memory. 

A. marked trait in Captain Marshall’s codperation in 
these public bodies was his fearlessness in exposing and 
resisting whatever seemed to him a departure from strict 
fidelity to the trusts committed to their keeping, or from 
a rigid administration of affairs. He was always on 
the alert to detect and correct abuses, and unflinching in 
his adherence to what seemed to him the proper line of 
duty. This brought him often into collision with con- 
flicting views and interests, sometimes into opposition to 


MEMORIAL. 49 


friends and associates. He encountered these storms as 
he would have met a head-wind in the Chops of the 
Channel, or a gale off the highlands of Nevisink, 
never giving up the end he had in view, though some- 
* times obliged to yield for the time to forces which he 
could not control. 

One other trait must be noticed as belonging to Cap- 
tain Marshall’s career asa merchant. He never yielded 
to the temptation, often so strong and overmastering in 
its hold upon self-made men, of using his means and his 
credit either in those speculative combinations which ~ 
are among the modern highways to fortune, or in those 
bolder schemes by which great public enterprises and 
interests are made the crooked conduits of private gain. 
He kept to his simplicity of habits, his integrity of pur- 
pose, his self-discipline, firmly and consistently to the 
end. He never loved money, nor gave in exchange for 
it the sterling virtues which were his early and ances- 
tral portion. 


In the fall of 1851 the five sons of Charles Marshall 
and Hephzibah Coffin, with their only surviving sister, 
met in their native town of Easton for a brief reunion. 
Forty-one years had passed since they had all been to- 
gether at home. Most of the ancient landmarks had 
been removed. Their parents had passed away, the 
father in the year 1837, and the mother in the year 
1836, both in a good old age. The wilderness in which 
the sons had been born, and which they had helped to 
clear, was changed into a garden of verdure and plenty. 


50 MEMORIAL. 


The twoscore years which had flown since they had 
commenced the ocean life, whose strange attractions had 
drawn them all away from their quiet inland home, had 
brought a change over every thing except the seas on 
which they had sailed. They reckoned the united 
terms of their ocean service, and they amounted to 
ninety-seven years; they summed up their several 
voyages across the Atlantic, and found that they had 
together traversed it more than three hundred times. 
Each of the others, as well as Charles, had his separate 
tale of a sailor’s experience to tell. Benjamin, the 
eldest, had sailed to Europe and to Asia. On a home- 
ward voyage from Canton he had been captured by a 
British cruiser, carried to England, and thrown into the 
Dartmoor prison, where he lay dangerously ill at the 
moment of the shameless and unprovoked massacre by 
their inhuman captors, of sixty-three of his defenceless 
fellow-prisoners. Frederick had followed the sea for 
nineteen years, during eleven of which he had been a 
shipmaster, thirteen times he had sailed to the Baltic 
and to the Northern Ocean, one hundred and twelve 
times he had crossed the Atlantic, and among his varied 
adventures was a hair-breadth escape from pirates, only 
made good by the superior sailing of his vessel. Alex- 
ander had spent twenty-six years at sea, and had been 
in command of a vessel for fifteen years. His voyages 
had been along the coast, to the Gulf and South Ameri- 
ca; on the Pacific, where he had been in a boat which 
was shattered to pieces by the blow of a whale, turning 
upon his pursuers; and afterward on the Atlantic. Ed- 


MEMORIAL. 51 


ward had passed twenty-two years of seafaring life, and 
had been thirteen years a shipmaster. In all their voy- 
ages and perils, neither of the five brothers had ever been 
wrecked, nor lost a ship, nor had either of them ever 
been maimed or injured in any way. Not one of the 
five had ever used tobacco in any form. Of the five 
brothers the only survivor is Captain Frederick W. 
Marshall, still living at the homestead in Easton. His 
accurate recollection has supplied most of the facts and 
incidents narrated in the foregoing pages. 


vs 


Tue last few years of Captain Marshall’s life covered 
the eventful period of the rebellion, and were full of 
earnest and effective patriotism. Though never a 
politician, in the partisan sense, he had always been a 
thoughtful observer of public affairs, and an intelligent 
participant in the popular action by which they are 
controlled. He was by temperament and by habit con- 
servative in his views, and, like most of the New York 
merchants of his time, acted and voted with the Whig 
party while it retained its national organization. In 
the canvass preceding the election of General Taylor, 
he was warmly enlisted in favor of his election,. but 
more from admiration of the personal qualities of 
the man than from any strict adherence to party ties. 
Gradually, as all other issues were absorbed in the con- 
test between the slave-power and the growing spirit of 
resistance to its extension, all his sympathies and all his 
convictions ranged themselves on the side of freedom. 
In 1854 he accepted a nomination for Congress, and 
declared himself against the repeal of the Missouri 
Compromise, but he took little interest in the can- 


MEMORIAL. 53 


vass, and was absent in Europe when the election oc- 
curred, which resulted in the choice of his opponent, 
who, having voted in the interest of freedom in the 
preceding Congress, was more effectively supported on 
that account. In 1856 he gave an unhesitating support 
to the Republican ticket, and cast his vote for Fremont 
and Dayton. The Presidential contest of 1860 enlisted 
all his energies in favor of a nomination which should 
be free from any deserved reproach on the score of past 
political affiliations, and should unite the free North in a 
final and successful stand against the encroachments of 
the slave-power. These requirements were met by the 
nomination and election of Abraham Lincoln. Captain 
Marshall, like so many other sagacious and disinterested 
Northern men, unversed in the machinations of party 
leaders, and unconscious of the treason which had been 
plotting in secret for so many long years, did not be- 
lieve the oft-repeated threats of the outvoted leaders of 
the South. He could not think the Union in danger 
until the fatal purpose for its dissolution, and then the 
mad effort for its destruction, stood revealed in actual 
secession and rebellion. The great uprising of the 
people in the spring of 1861, after the attack on Sum- 
ter, found him foremost among those who sprang to the 
support of the Government, in the conviction that it 
must be nerved and strengthened for the work of sus- 
taining the integrity of the Union at all hazards and at 
any cost. The grand meeting at Union Square, held on 
the afternoon and evening of April 20, 1861, at which 
the voice of New York was sounded like the blast of a 


B4 MEMORIAL. 


trumpet calling to the rescue, spread out its vast and 
tumultuous concourse before the windows of his house, 
to which, from its vicinity to the place of the meeting, 
the old flag that had waved over Sumter, just lowered 
by the retiring garrison, was brought for preservation, 
and from whose roof it was raised during the exciting 
days which followed while the first regiments were being 
hurried to Washington. He was one of the most active 
members of the Union Defence Committee, organized 
at that meeting for codperation with the Government. 
From that beginning, through all the long, weary, and 
varying struggle to its glorious end, there was not in the 
whole land a more loyal, devoted, whole-souled lover 
and servant of his country, in his own peculiar sphere 
and within the measure of his ability, than Charles H. 
Marshall. The support which he gave to the Govern- 
ment was of a kind which few men could give, and 
which for that reason was all the more needed. It was 
outspoken, unqualified, unhesitating, by a man of long 
experience, who had well earned the prominent place 
which he held in the respect of the community, who had 
no selfish or sinister ends to serve, who was known to 
be sincere, and whose words and acts carried a moral 
weight, and exerted a social influence, which served to 
strengthen the cause where it was most in danger. 

. Among the many phenomena, North and South, 
which marked the progress of the rebellion, were the 
extraordinary social contrasts which it evoked. In the 
South the spirit of secession, of rebellion, of hatred to 
the North, was domesticated in the interior life of so- 


MEMORIAL. BR 


ciety, and breathed through all its forms. Men or 
women who were loyal, who favored the Union, or re- 
spected its flag, or acknowledged its authority, were 
under a social ban, and in danger of losing liberty and 
life, as well as caste. But in the North sympathy with 
rebellion was not branded as a social crime, and loyalty 
to the Government was not recognized as an indispensa- 
ble civic virtue. At Washington, in every department of 
the public service, there were men, higher or lower, in 
official position, drawing their monthly pay from the 
Treasury, and eating the bread of the Government from 
day to day, and yet in sympathy with rebels in arms for 
its destruction, justifying their pitiful treachery by the 
plea of some remote tie of Southern kindred or association, 
which held them with a stronger grasp than the oaths by 
which they kept their places. While Union men in 
the South were hiding from their rebel persecutors, 
leading clubs in New York refused to expel from their 
membership men who were holding office under the 
Confederate Government. Thus, while the life of the 
rebellion was nourished by a sentiment which throbbed 
in the very heart of its perverted social structure, and 
whose subtle influences circulated everywhere, at the 
North the great cause of the Union, strong in argu- 
ment, in facts, in the faith and courage of the people, 
and in the devotion of enlightened and determined 
men, did not demand that the sympathizer with its ene- 
mies should become a social outcast. This was evidence 
of strength as much as of weakness, as the issue showed ; 
but. it made it all the more necessary that the Union 


BG MEMORIAL. 


cause should be everywhere reénforced by thorough and 
decided individual sentiment and by organized social 
effort. | 

The Union League Club of New York; formed in 
1861, owed its existence mainly to this necessity. It 
supplied a central rallying-point for those who regarded 
unconditional loyalty to the Government in time of war 
as the best test of true citizenship, and the surest basis 
of united effort in support of the imperilled liberties of 
the country. Captain Marshall took an active part in 
all the various measures set on foot or aided by this pa- 
triotic organization, which in manifold ways gave a 
steady and efficient support to the Union cause. He 
was elected as its third president, and held this posi- 
tion at the time of his death. Those who resorted to 
the rooms of this club during the eventful days and 
nights of the rebellion, through those seasons of alter- 
nate hope and fear, exultation and despondency, by which 
the progress of the wat was marked, as its successive 
campaigns went on, will not soon forget the keen in- 
terest and the intense anxiety with which he watched 
the struggle and waited for the issue of every new 
movement; nor will they soon forget the energy and 
decision which inspired all his utterances. . 

He had no sympathy with any of those refinements 
by which the crime of the rebellion was condoned in 
advance, as a mere difference of political views adjourned 
from the polls to the cannon’s mouth. He knew no 
middle line between loyalty and treason, and wherever 
he went he made this manifest. His opinions and his 


MEMORIAL. Bi 


sentiments on all the points involved in the struggle, ‘as 
it grew in magnitude and intensity, were as plainly 
shown as the signals at the mast-head of one of his own 
ships. The deep conviction of the popular heart in its 
protests against whatever was weak, or vacillating, or 
half-way in the measures of the government, in the civil 
or military service, found a strong and clear expression 
from his lips, and often, in matters of which he could 
speak from long experience, an authoritative and com- 
manding expression. He believed in the reserved right 
of the citizen to scrutinize and criticise the acts of public 
servants, and he exercised the right without fear or favor, 
especially in his constant and vigilant scrutiny of the 
movements of our navy, and the various plans and ex- 
penditures of the Navy Department. The disaster in 
Hampton Roads, by which the “Congress” and the 
“Cumberland,” with their gallant crews were sacrificed, 
drew forth from him in the Chamber of Commerce an 
indignant denunciation of what he believed to be the 
dereliction of duty which led to the catastrophe ; and his 
views, thus expressed, were of great weight in forming 
the public sentiment on this and kindred iopieg con- 
nected with the naval service. 

But these were minor points compared with his 
ardent desire for the supremacy of the righteous cause. 
He believed that the monster of rebellion should be 
pursued as the Nantucket whalemen in the North Seas, 
from whom he learned the art of the sailor, had fol- 
lowed the fighting and floundering leviathan of the 
deep, striking their spears with a home thrust to the 


58 MEMORIAL. 


vital part of its huge and shapeless bulk. Accordingly, 
he labored with all his might toward the end which 
was reached by the emancipation proclamation, which 
he accepted no less as a legitimate military measure 
than as an act of justice to the millions whom it en- 
franchised. 

The remarks made by Mr. Jay, the successor of 
Captain Marshall in the presidency of the Union 
League Club, at the meeting convened immediately 
after his death, contain so comprehensive and accurate 
a survey of his character in those aspects which connect 
themselves with his patriotic devotion to the cause of 
the Union, that I insert them here as a fit presentation 
of this closing period of his life: 


“The sadness caused among us by the death of Captain Marshall 
should be lessened when we remember the great work he accom- 
plished, and mark the public appreciation of his services and char- 
acter. 

‘Men of similar wealth, gathered through lives equally indus- 
trious and marked by the same unsullied honor, die week by week, 
and their departure scarce stirs a ripple on the surface of popular 
feeling. But, to-day, city and country mourn the loss of Marshall, 
not as the enterprising ship-builder and the prosperous merchant, 
but as one who, from the beginning to the end of this rebellion, 
exhibited not simply the unselfish devotion and unflagging energy 
that belong to the purest patriotism, but the clear common sense, 
the quick discernment of the right, and the fearless determination to 
pursue it, which lie at the basis of the truest statesmanship. 

“¢ We know well that Captain Marshall, with the simple honesty 
of his nature, would have rejected all claim to so high a eulogy, for 
his modest estimate of his own abilities was a conspicuous trait of 


MEMORIAL. 59 


his character; we remember his hesitancy, on the score of merit, 
to accept the presidency of this club; but our long and intimate 
acquaintance with him enable us, now that he has gone to his rest, 
to speak of his virtues and his services in the language, not of eulo- 
gy, but of truth. 

“ Captain Marshall did not, like too many of our foremost states- 
men, wait for the rebellion to learn the dangers threatened by sla- 
very to the liberties of the country. In January, 1854, he gave his 
cordial codperation in calling the first great meeting in the free 
States to protest against the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, 
and thus he assisted to evoke that national spirit of freedom 
which defeated the bold design of the slave-power, through 
Pierce and Buchanan, to force slavery upon Kansas and Ne- 
braska, and which later called into existence the Republican party, 
to maintain at once the principles of the Constitution and the rights 
of humanity. 

“Of Captain Marshall’s services in the national cause, from the 
day that the echoes from Sumter roused loyal citizens to arms, I 
need not speak, for they illustrate the history of this club. We re- 
member his untiring zeal when the Baltimore bridges were burned, 
Washington cut off from communication with the North, and our 
private citizens assumed the responsibility of chartering ships and 
furnishing supplies. We recall his cheerful, active energy through 
the gloom that followed Bull Run, and the weary months of sham 
war and shameful failure. .We remember his early demand for an 
emancipation policy, and his joy at its proclamation; his hearty 
assistance in raising troops for Hancock’s Corps, and also the col- 
ored troops, at whose head he marched on that memorable day 
when the Twentieth Regiment left us for the field. We remember 
his telegram from Washington on the passage of the Constitutional 
Amendment, ‘Glory be to God! ’—his reverential joy at the fall 
of Richmond, and his profound grief at the murder of Mr. Lincoln. 
These and a thousand other incidents are fresh in the memory of 
us all. 


60 MEMORIAL. 


‘‘ Hopeful as he was under the most trying circumstances; firm 
and manly as he was in the expression of his views, whether in de- 
nouncing the traitors who would have destroyed us of their malice, 
or the cravens who were betraying us by their fears, I recall one 
occasion when, overwhelmed for the moment with dangers that 
threatened us, and which it seemed almost impossible to avert, he 
showed that with the sternness of asailor he blended the tenderness 
of awoman. I had gone to him, in regard to a petition to the Pres- 
ident in favor of an emancipation proclamation a long time before 
Mr. Lincoln had reached that crowning point in his career, and I 
found him impressed with sadness at what he regarded the mis- 
management and imbecility of the government in the prosecution 
of the war, its strange tenderness to traitors seeming almost like 
complicity with treason, and its apparent inability to comprehend 
the exigencies of the crisis and its own great duties to the loyal peo- 
ple: and this at a moment when the people themselves were exhib- 
iting a devoted and intelligent patriotism. Sympathizing with Cap- 
tain Marshall’s views, and struck by his sorrowful look, I said, ‘It is 
enough to make one weep.’ He replied: ‘Weep! My God, Mr. Jay, 
it makes me weep like a child. I think of it by night and by day, 
and when I try to read the morning paper, I find my eyes blinded 
by tears.’ But that sorrow, born in a great part of indignation, 
only nerved him to more vigorous thought and more independent 
utterance. Recognizing his first duty as to his country, he declined 
a servile allegiance to factions or parties, or even to the Government 
itself, and he never hesitated to express himself with frankness when 
he disapproved of the policy pursued at Washington. He repro- 
bated as both a crime and a blunder the assurance, early given to 
Europe by those charged with our foreign relations, that the rebel- 
lion was without a cause, without a pretext, and without an object, 
and that whether it should succeed or not the condition of slavery 
would remain just the same. He felt that such an assurance was 
calculated to muddle the American question in the minds of Euro- 
pean statesmen, to alienate the natural sympathies of European lib- 


MEMORIAL. 61 


erals, and to create the only danger that was likely to exist of Euro- 
pean intervention. He felt that if the Government had said in the 
beginning what Mr. Seward so well said at a later day, that ‘ Afri- 
can slavery had audaciously risen up to overthrow a government 
the most equal and just that has ever been established, and to erect 
a new one exclusively upon the basis of human bondage, and that 
the United States refused to be destroyed or divided by such an 
agency for such a purpose,’ even Lord John would hardly have ven- 
tured on the sneer repeated by Lord Derby with such questionable 
delicacy in his speech on the death of Mr. Lincoln, that ‘the North 
was fighting for empire, and the South for independence.’ He felt 
that the sympathy of the working-classes in England and France 
in behalf of freedom would in that case have forbidden even a 
whisper, on the part of the aristocratic classes, of intervention on 
the part of slavery. 

‘‘ Captain Marshall disapproved equally, as affording every encour- 
agement to the rebels in the beginning, of the unaccountable assur- 
ance so strangely given, that the President accepted. their dogma 
that the Federal Government could not reduce the seceding States 
to obedience. He more than regretted the humble tone and bated 
breath with which we persistently besought from England the with- 
drawal of her ill-timed proclamation recognizing the rebels as bel- 
ligerents, as tending to excite toward us a feeling of contempt, and 
emboldening the British Government to view with small concern, 
if not with complacent indifference, those memorable violations of 
international neutrality which England will sadly appreciate if ever 
the positions are reversed, and she feels the force of her own pre- 
cedents. 

‘¢ Captain Marshall, interested as he was as a ship-owner, in the. 
piracies and burnings with which English iron-clads have illustrated 
the law and illuminated the ocean, never encouraged the idea of 
war to recompense those great wrongs after they had been com- 
mitted ; but he noted the fact that the policy of the English Govern- 
ment, in permitting the out-going of the new iron-clads, although 


62 MEMORIAL. 


definitively settled and announced, was suddenly and completely 
reversed the instant our Government, obeying at last the voice of 
the people, distinctly said to them, ‘This is war.’ 

‘cA glance at the career of Captain Marshall during the rebellions 
and the recollection that true-hearted citizens throughout the coun- 
try thought and acted as he did with one common pervading reso- 
lution to save the Republic, teaches us how it was saved and how it 
must always be saved when threatened with dangers from within or 
without—not by a blind trust in the administration, however intel- 
ligent or virtuous, but by the eternal vigilance of a free people, 
exercising free speech and rejoicing in the blessings of a free press. 
This thought gave to Captain Marshall his only hope in regard to a 
matter about which some of our citizens seem to have abandoned 
all hope. I mean the monstrous and unutterable profligacy, which, 
even during the life-struggle of the Republic, and confronted by all 
the heroism of the army and the virtue of the people, has flaunted 
itself with matchless insolence in the Legislature of the State and 
the Common Council of our city, and which assumes to control the 
policy of both parties. We know to our cost the disloyalty as well 
as the dishonesty of this element, and we felt its deadly power when 
it assisted the sympathizers with rebellion to defeat Wadsworth 
and prolong the war. If we now find ourselves living under a sys- 
tem of legalized robbery, where all decency is discarded, and re- 
placed by the easy morality of thieves, powerful and unconquerable 
as may seem to be ‘the ring,’ who smile defiance at those whom 
they plunder, the power to remedy this evil Captain Marshall 
believed to exist in the virtue of the people, and his example in this 
warfare remains for your guidance and encouragement. 

‘Though never again are we to welcome, in the accustomed 
place, his cheery presence and cordial grasp, his venerable form and 
features will linger in our memory, and his name will be transmitted 
to posterity as synonymous with love of country. Amid our sor- 
row for his loss, let us remember, with gratitude, that our friend, so 


late a wanderer in foreign lands, was graciously permitted to recross 
oY 


MEMORIAL. 63 


the ocean and breathe at home his last breath upon his native soil, 
beneath the flag which he had helped to save; and with the thought 
to gladden his dying hour, that wherever on this broad continent 
that flag shall wave, the sun will shine*upon a united and free peo- 
ple, nor see in his path from ocean to ocean the lash of a master or 
the fetters of a slave.” 


VI. 


Captain Marsuattz did not long survive the success- 
ful issue of the war. After the full triumph of the 
Union cause, secured in the fall of Richmond and the 
final collapse of the Confederacy ; after attending at 
Washington with a large deputation of loyal citizens, 
on the occasion of the passage of the constitutional 
amendment forever abolishing slavery ; after seeing the 
nation sustain unshaken the heavy blow of the assas- 
sination of President Lincoln; after taking part in the 
mournful but imposing ceremonials which marked the 
passage through this city of the remains of the martyred 
Chief Magistrate, he left his home for a brief tour in 
Europe, partly for the benefit of<his health, partly to 
exchange congratulations with old and tried friends in 
England and on the Continent, who had been true to 
our cause abroad. 

He visited England and France, and spent a short 
time at Wiesbaden, in the hope of there recruiting his 
strength, on which the excitements of the last four years 
and the effects of an acute disease had made serious in- . 
roads. But it was too late. His strong frame and iron 


MEMORIAL. 65 


constitution, which had withstood so many years of toil 
and exposure, and which seemed endowed with the vital 
energy of the longest term of life, began to fail, and he 
hastened home to set his house in order and die. He 
arrived in New York on the 5th of September, 1865, and, 
after spending a day or two in his ordinary pursuits, was 
seized with a fatal attack. Almost his last care given to 
worldly matters related to a public welcome to be ex- 
tended to a prominent English gentleman, whose warm 
sympathies with the Union cause were deserving of such 
a recognition. But his thoughts were soon turned away 
from all earthly concerns. He knew that the end of his 
life was near at hand, and looked forward to death with 
patience and resignation. His prayers for two years 
past, he said, had anticipated this event, and it did not 
take him by surprise. The inward preparation which, 
perhaps unconsciously to himself, had preceded this 
final hour, had left upon him that subduing and soften- 
ing touch in which so often, in the retrospect of a finished 
life, we trace with reverence the workings of that divine 
grace whose transforming power must needs set over the 
_ most solid human virtues the crowning seal of penitence 
and faith. 

The patient, uncomplaining endurance of the severe 
pain which he suffered, the fervor with which he united 
in the prayers which encircled his dying pillow, the 
devout expression of his resignation to the will of God, 
of gratitude for the mercy which spared him to die in 
his own home, surrounded by all his children, and of 
faith in “ Him who is able to save sinners,” belong to 


66 MEMORIAL. 


the sacred recollections of this parting hour. His death, 
on the evening of Saturday, September 23, 1865, was 
the gentle breathing away of an exhausted life. It was 
one of those calm, peaceful scenes, so many of which 
have impressed our memories with their hallowed touch, 
recalling, in their solemn sweetness, the truthful picture 
drawn in that most tender of sacred lyrics, chanted 
above his bier, in which the loveliest images of Nature 
are woven like a garland around the brow of Death.— 


‘“‘ Sweet is the scene when virtue dies, 
When sinks a righteous soul to rest ; 
How mildly beam the closing eyes, 
How gently heaves the expiring breast! 


“So fades a summer cloud away, 
So sinks the gale when storms are 0’er ; 
So gently shuts the eye of day, 
So dies the wave along the shore.” 


Captain Marshall’s grave is at Greenwood Cemetery, 
on the eminence known as Ocean Hill, overlooking, to 
the east, the open sea, just beyond the entrance to the 
harbor of New York. In this spot, selected by him- 
self, where the eye takes in the wide expanse of the 
Atlantic, which he knew and loved so well, his mortal 
remains rest in peace, waiting, through the long night, 
“until the day break and the shadows flee away.” 


Wituram ALuen Bururr. 












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ADDRESS 


REV. GEORGE L. PRENTISS, D. D., 


ON THE OCCASION OF THE FUNERAL OF CHARLES H. MARSHALL, IN THE FOURTEENTH 
STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER 26, 1865. 


Ovr lamented friend, who has just left us, represent- 
ed one of the strongest and most honorable types of 
_ American character. He belonged to the class of ener- 
getic, clear-headed, practical men, who, in making their 
own fortune in the world, help also to make the fortunes 
of their country. Our free institutions have produced 
a host of such men; New York abounds and has al- 
ways abounded in them; but I do not believe she has 
one living of a more honest and robust stamp than was 
he whose mortal remains lie before us. And a glance 
at his early life and training will go far to explain, not 
only his successful career and the eminent position 
which he attained in the community, but also some of 
the best traits of his character. He was born at Easton, 
Washington County, in this State, April 8, 1792. His 
parents were natives of Nantucket; and in emigrating 
to Northern New York, they seem to have carried with 
them to their new home, and early to have infused into 


70 MEMORIAL. 


the mind of their son, both the religious and commer- 
cial spirit of that famous old nursery of hardy and ad- 
venturous American seamanship. He was brought up 
to habits of industry and virtue by an excellent mother ; 
and, while working on the farm, attended a school 
taught by a worthy Quakeress from New Bedford, who 
had also settled in the neighborhood. At the age of 
fifteen he determined to go to sea, and making his way 
to this city, and from here to Nantucket, he shipped 
before the mast for a whaling voyage to the Pacific. 
He followed the sea until the War of 1812 broke up 
our commerce, and then, returning home for a while, 
betook himself to teaching a school in a region which 
was then almost a wilderness. Upon the restoration of 
peace, he resumed his sailor’s life, and rose, in due time, 
to the command of an East Indiaman. He became 
ultimately a proprietor and master in the line of vessels 
plying between this port and Liverpool, known as the 
“Old Line of Liverpool Packets.” And it is no slight 
testimony to his skill and vigilance that in his many 
voyages, during almost a third of a century, he never 
met with a disaster. On quitting the sea, he assumed 
the management of his line of ships, and commenced 
his career as a merchant, which continued until his re- 
tirement from active life in the spring of the present 
year. Of his long connection with the commerce and 
commercial marine of New York, or of the great ser- 
vice he rendered them, I need not stop to speak to you 
here. 3 

From this brief review of the circumstances and 
leading incidents of his life, it is plain that Captain 
Marshall had a rare opportunity for the development of 
whatever was vigorous and manly within him; and he 
made the best use of his opportunity. A genuine son 


MEMORIAL. val 


of the soil—of our free Northern soil—he was also a 
true child of the ocean; and under this twofold disci- 
pline, at once mild and rough, he became one of the 
most marked men of his day and calling. Few of his 
contemporaries can have passed through such.a varied 
experience. ‘Trained up in a secluded Quaker home, 
while yet a boy going to chase the monsters of the deep 
over the wide expanse of the Pacific, and amidst the 
tumbling icebergs of the Northern seas; then retiring, 
under stress of war, to the occupation of a country 
schoolmaster; only to set out again, upon the dawn of 
peace, on a course of long and brave seamanship be- 
tween two of the great commercial centres of the world; 
and then, again, changing from the veteran sailor to the 
sagacious and honorable merchant—such was his out- 
ward career; and, as I have said, it explains, while it - 
illustrates, some of the best traits of his character. It 
made him self-reliant and independent in thought and 
expression; and yet at the same time cautious and cir- 
cumspect, and never willing to venture where he was 
not sure of his way. Like all true sailors, he was 
thoroughly sincere, frank, and outspoken, with little 
respect of place or person. As a merchant and man of 
business, he was a model of uprightness, veracity, and 
scrupulous fidelity to trust. He kept through life the 
native simplicity and moderation of his early years and 
associations. ‘The wealth which he acquired never led 
him into luxury or ostentation—those natural and pes- 
tilent vices of worldly prosperity. He walked in his 
integrity, and his feet did not slide. Though eminently 
a practical, matter-of-fact man, he was by no means 
lacking in the most generous, tender, and kindly affec- 
tions of our nature. He was a firm, fast friend to every 
one who gained his confidence. His sympathies for 


"9 MEMORIAL. 


those who, like himself, had passed much of their lives 
on the sea, were especially active and beneficent. In 
the various institutions and charities for the benefit of 
seamen, particularly for the sick and disabled, he was 
prominent and untiring. 

I have spoken of him as a successful man of busi- 
ness, both upon the sea and on the land. But Captain 
Marshall was far more than a mere man of business. 
He was an enlightened American citizen, and a most 
devoted patriot. It was this character which crowned 
his life with its highest honors, and especially entitles 
him to our grateful and lasting remembrance now that 
he is dead. It would be doing a wrong to his memory 
and to this occasion, not to lay emphasis upon this point. 
I believe he himself would have regarded the last four 
and a half years, which he spent almost wholly in labors 
for the support of the Government, as the most impor- 
tant and the most highly privileged of his life. His love 
of country was at once a profound conviction and a ru- 
ling passion of his soul. Based upon a thorough com- 
prehension of the general principles of liberty, justice, 
and equal rights, which lie at the foundation of our 
democratic institutions, it was inspired also by that 
enthusiastic devotion to the flag of our Union which 
has always marked the intrepid sailors of the Republic. 
Having sailed under that glorious banner in all the seas 
for thirty years; having seen it, full high advanced, un- 
furl its ever-widening folds, and glittering with new stars, 
in a thousand ports, stretching round the world from the 
farthest orient to the setting sun ; having learned thus to 
reverence, to love and confide in it as the symbol of his 
nation’s life and sovereignty, is it strange that when he 
saw it assailed by traitorous hands, his whole heart was 
inflamed with the zeal of ardent and indignant loyalty ? 


MEMORIAL. 43 


Of this portion of his life I can speak with the assur- 
ance of an eye and ear witness. From the instant that 
the first gun against Fort Sumter reverberated through 
the land, announcing to the astonished nation what was 
coming, Captain Marshall girded up the loins of his mind, 
and took his stand on the side of the Government with a 
firmness, a courage, and a determined energy which only 
waxed in power and intensity until the struggle was 
ended. You need not be reminded how indefatigable 
he was in the movements in this city in aid of the war, 
giving freely of his time, his influence, his means, and 
his invaluable experience. In every effort for raising 
men and money, whether for the relief of the soldiers 
in the field or their families at home, and for helping 
forward in any way the cause of the Union, he was 
among the foremost. His patriotism was as pure and 
unselfish as it was fervent. He believed that God had a 
great purpose of beneficence toward this nation, and 
through this nation toward all mankind; and in this 
faith he went through the struggle, never bating a jot 


“Of heart or hope; but still bore up and steered 


” 


Right onward 





In the memorable days of the summer of 1861, and 
at later periods when the great ship of state, caught by 
the Euroclydon of rebellion, and unable to bear up 
against it, was driving furiously before the tempest; 
when neither sun nor stars appeared, and all hope that 
we should be saved had forsaken thousands of hearts, he 
still walked the deck with unfaltering step, and, like 
Paul, in the midst of the panic-stricken mariners, bade 
all on board to stand firm and be of good cheer. Some- 
times, it is true, upon hearing of new disasters to the 
Union cause, he would weep like a child; but that the 


"4 MEMORIAL. 


sacred cause would triumph, sooner or later, he never 
for an instant doubted. He was very frank, and some- 
times unsparing—perhaps impatiently and inordinately 
so—in his criticisms of the policy of the Government; 
but, however severe, his censure was always that of 
manly jealousy for the cause and for his country’s hon- 
ors. rom the first he regarded the contest as involving 
vast moral as well as political issues; and at every step 
by which the Administration and the people rose to the 
height of the great argument—as in the Proclamation 
of Emancipation and in the Constitutional Amendment 
prohibiting slavery forever—he gave glory to God. 
When the armed rebellion, assailed on every hand by 
the victorious armies of the Republic, at length suc- 
cumbed and fell dead to the ground, no man in the land 
rejoiced with a truer joy than Captain Marshall ; and when 
our wise, patient, and beloved President—that good and 
faithful servant of the nation—was killed by the assas- 
sin’s hand, he received a shock of grief and horror from 
which he never fully recovered. 

After the final triumph of the Union arms, he made 
a visit to Europe, partly on account of his health, and 
partly for the satisfaction of acquainting himself with 
the change of public opinion and ‘of feeling toward this 
country since his last visit, which was in the height of 
the struggle. His tour was brief, and he came home 
suffering from the illness which, in a few weeks after 
his return, ended his life. It was the privilege of all his 
children and of his nearest friends to be with him dur- 
ing the closing scenes, and to minister to his comfort in 
his last hours. Though prostrated by a disease which 
had gradually enfeebled his entire system, he retained 
to the last his consciousness and his strong mental facul- 
ties. He was advised by his physician, some days be- 


MEMORIAL. ras 


fore his decease, of the fatal character of his malady. 
Bowing in submission to the divine will, he met the 
approach of death withthe candor and simplicity which 
had marked his life. He spoke of it as an event to 
which he had been looking forward, adding that for two 
years past he had prayed from day to day in anticipa- 
tion of it. He was especially grateful for the mercy of 
God in sparing him to die in his own home, and not ina 
foreign land. On the day of his death he said, with 
most touching earnestness and pathos: “ Great Father 
of mercies, I thank Thee that Thou didst preserve me 
through that dangerous voyage and permit me to return 
to my home.” He fervently joined in prayer with 
those about his bed, uniting with broken voice in the 
petition. I shall not soon forget the pressure of his 
strong hand just stiffening in death, or the emphatic 
manner in which he followed me in saying the Lord’s 
Prayer on the day before his departure. His hope for 
eternity, as he himself expressed it, centred in Him who 
is the only Saviour of sinners. He gave instructions 
which showed that his mind was wholly occupied with 
the thought that his end was at hand. His heart over- 
flowed with tender affection toward his children. “I 
love you,” he said, “with an affection which knows no 
bounds.” He died in the seventy-fourth year of his age ; 
but to those who are familiar with his erect form, his quick 
step, his unwrinkled brow, from which he brushed back 
the hair hardly sprinkled with gray, he did not seem so 
old by ten years. The fruits of a sober, moderate, and 
upright life were manifest here, and rien he died « his 
eye was not dim nor his naira force abated.” His end 
was full of peace. He sank to rest at last as gently as 
an infant to its sleep. 

I think you will agree with me, my friends, that the 


76 MEMORIAL. 


memory of such a man is worthy of grateful honor and 
not to be forgotten. During the war, many—alas! how 
matiy—of our noblest youth—aurore filii—the morn- 
ing sons of the Republic, were taken away from us; and 
had they not fallen in so sacred and good a cause, we 
should have called their death most untimely. Now we 
are losing, and are going to lose faster and faster, the 
noble old pilots, by whose prudent counsels, long ex- 
perience, resources, skill, and authority we were taught 
and enabled to weather the storm. Such men become 
almost institutions in the land, and especially in the 
community where they dwell. We ought to take care- 
ful note of their departure, and instruct our young men, 
upon whom such immense tasks are devolving, to ponder 
well their wise example, and learn from it the inestima- 
ble and impressive lesson that, however the frivolous and 
selfish may gain wealth, place, notoriety, or pleasure 
while living, it is only the man of disinterested devotion 
to the public good—to the great cause of loyalty, truth, 
justice, and humanity, of whom society keeps a grate- 
ful record when he is gone, and whose actions 


‘¢ Smell sweet in death, and blossom in the dust.” 


BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF PILOTS. 


New York, September 25, 1865. 

Art a special meeting of the Board of Commissioners of Pilots, 
held this day at their. office, No. 69 South Street, the President, 
Russert Srureis, Esq., communicated to the Board the death of 
Cures H. Marswart, Esq., one of their members. 

He spoke of Captain MarsHatr as one of the original members 
of the Pilot Commission, having sat with them some twenty years, 
and drew the attention of the Board to the fact, that notwithstand- 
ing their varied and arduous duties (having to administer several 
State laws for the regulation and protection of the harbor, in addi- 
tion to their duties as Commissioners of Pilots), there had been a 
remarkable unanimity in all their deliberations, an important differ- 
ence of opinion never having arisen upon any of the complicated 
questions brought before them. 

He also spoke of Captain Marsuatt in his official capacity as 
one always desirous that the actions of the Board should be guided 
by moderation and justice, and as always using his influence to 
sustain the dignity and decorum of the Board; of his well-known 
strong love for his country, and that he had proved himself an un- 
conditional Union man; and offered the following resolutions: 


Resolved, That this Board learn, with deep regret, the death of 
their fellow-commissioner and companion, Cuartes H. MARsHALL, 
Esq., so well known in this community as a distinguished merchant 
and a liberal man, and who, during the days of our country’s trial, 
has proved himself an earnest, efficient, and unselfish supporter of 
the Government. 


48 MEMORIAL. 


Resolved, That in the death of Captain Marsnatt this Com- 
mission has lost one of its oldest and most efficient members, who, 
from the first organization of the Beard to his last illness (a space 
of twenty years), was unremitting in his attention to its duties; 
whose counsel was always sound, and ever heard with interest, and 
who was firm in the cause of justice, while he strove that its de- 
cisions should be tempered with moderation. 

Resolved, That by his death we have lost a personal friend, be- 
loved and esteemed by each member of this Commission, as he was 
by all who enjoyed the privilege of familiar intercourse with him. 

Resolved, That this Board, in a body, attend the funeral of our 
lamented associate, and that the Secretary be instructed to transmit 
to the family a copy of these resolutions. 


Messrs. Grorce W. Brunt, Rosert L. Tayzor, Ezra Nye, and 
Wru1am O. Tuompson, in commenting upon the resolutions offered, 
spoke of their long acquaintance with Captain Marswatt, and his 
many estimable and endearing traits of character, and his uncom- 
promising loyalty and love of country; after which the resolutions 


were unanimously adopted. 
F, PERKINS, 
Secretary. 


PROCEEDINGS 


OF THE 


CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 


ON OCCASION OF THE DEATH OF 


CAPTAIN CHARLES H. MARSHALL. 


Monthly meeting, Thursday, October 5, 1865, A. A. Low, Esq., President, 
in the Chair. 


Mr. Joun D. Jones called the attention of the Chamber to the 
death, since its last meeting, of Captain Cartes H. Marswatt, the 
chairman for many years of its Executive Committee, and addressed 
the members in the following words: 

Cuartes H. MarsHary was an extraordinary man, and possessed 
the elements of greatness which were manifest in all his actions. 

He was an original character. He did his own thinking, and 
acted upon his own conclusions. This was exemplified in his youth, 
when he left home as a boy to earn his daily bread—poor in money, 
but rich in energy. 

The sea had attractions for him, and he shipped as a sailor be- 
fore the mast; but no inferior position satisfied his ambition; he 
soon, by his own merits, became an officer and then commander. 

Next we meet with him as a leading merchant of this city, and 
owner of the line of ships in which he had previously served as an 
officer. Here commenced our acquaintance with him. 

He was the liberal, public-spirited merchant, aiding and urging 
on every measure intended for the general good, whether that 
measure was to provision the starving operatives of Great Britain, 


80 MEMORIAL. 


or to relieve the suffering, wounded soldiers of our own armies of 
the Republic. | 

His powerful will has greatly aided to build up and maintain the 
commercial marine of this port, and his practical mind has con- 
tributed to shape and mould and put together those timbers which 
have given to the New York built merchant-ship a world-wide 
fame for strength, speed, and beauty. 

In all measures and efforts to benefit and elevate the nautical 
profession, he was energetic, and contributed with his experience. 

The sailor before the mast received his attention, and the cap- 
tain who commanded, his aid and protection. 

The harbor of New York also claimed his attention. He as- 
sisted to establish the harbor lines to prevent encroachments upon 
its navigable waters, and he contributed so to systematize the pilot- 
age as to make it one of the safest harbors for vessels to enter from 
the sea. 

As a citizen, he was a good neighbor and a true friend. 

To his country he was devoted and patriotic, and during the war 
was zealous and active with his advice and assistance to the officers 
of the Government for the creation of a navy equal to its emergency, 
and which he had the satisfaction of living to see accomplished. 

This, Mr. President, is but a dim portraiture of that merchant, 
whose active usefulness has been terminated by the unchangeable 
work of Time. 

It was our good fortune to have him our friend and associate ; 
and it is proper for us to make some record of appreciation of his” 
worth and merits. I therefore offer the following resolutions for 
entry upon the minutes: 


Resolved, That this Chamber has sustained an irreparable loss in 
the death of Captain Cuartes H. MarsHAtt, one of its most dis- 
tinguished members. As a merchant, by his inflexible integrity, 
untiring energy, and remarkable ability, he had, despite early dis- 
advantages, achieved a fortune and a commanding position in the 
commercial community ; and his influence was always wielded to 
promote the best interests of commerce. As a leader in our com- 


MEMORIAL. | 8] 


mercial marine, his courage, skill, and honorable ambition had 
largely contributed to its success and prestige among the merchant 
navies of the world. He devoted himself with enthusiasm to the 
elevation of the nautical profession, in every grade of which he had 
faithfully served ; and his enlightened judgment and generous sym- 
pathies were constantly and wisely directed to the protection and 
welfare of all its members. 

Resolved, That we sadly miss from our councils the regular 
attendance, the wise judgment, and the magnanimous spirit of our 
lamented associate. 


Mr. Peter Cooper seconded the resolutions. 


REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT. 


THe Prestwent, Mr. A. A. Low, said that, before putting the 
question, he would like to join a few words to the common tribute 
to their departed friend. He had been a witness of his fidelity in 
every thing to which he put his hand in this Chamber, and he had 
also to bear testimony to the vigilance and attention which he had 
brought to the exercise of his duties in the Board of Direction of 
the Sailors’ Home. It was characteristic of him that he was con- 
stant, punctual, and attentive wherever his services were invoked or 
pledged. And he seemed to have a peculiarly affectionate regard 
for those with whom he was associated, whether in any effort of 
philanthropy, or in those works imposed on patriotic citizens in 
these later days. 


REMARKS OF HON. GEORGE OPDYKE. 


Mr. Prestpent: Before the question is taken on the resolutions 
commemorative of the virtues of our deceased friend and associate, 
I desire to add a few words of tribute to his memory. I have felt 
with you, Mr. President, that those who have known Captain Mar- 
sHALL longest and most intimately are entitled to be first heard in his 
praise. Yet there can be no one who appreciates more highly than 
I do his many virtues, or who will testify more sincerely to the 
truthfulness of their portraiture in the terse and expressive resolu- 


6 


82 MEMORIAL. 


tions before us. Eulogistic as these resolutions are, I feel that they 
are strictly within the limits of propriety and truth. 

Captain MarsHaLi was no ordinary man. He entered upon 
the active duties of life at an early age as a sailor before the mast. 
Even in this humble position his sterling qualities soon became 
known and appreciated, and secured his rapid advancement. Soon 
after attaining his majority he found himself at the head of his pro- 
fession in the mercantile marine as commander of a ship in the first 
line of packets established between this port and Europe. After 
serving for many years in this capacity with the highest distinction, 
he abandoned the sea and established himself as a shipping merchant 
in this city. In this new vocation he was equally successful, his 
house ranking both in character and financial strength anes the 
first in that line of business. 

A success so uniform as his could only result from great busi- 
ness capacity combined with integrity of character and an indomi- 
table will. These qualities Captain Marsnaty possessed in so large 
a measure as to be universally remarked. 

Nor were these the only virtues for which he was distinguished. 
He was a man of great public spirit, and of large and active benevo- 
lence. But, above all, his memory will be gratefully cherished by 
the members of this Chamber and by his fellow-citizens generally, 
on account of his earnest, devoted patriotism. In this he had 
scarcely an equal. 

Throughout the whole war, which has just terminated so glo- 
riously, Captain Marsan exerted his whole heart and energies 
on the side of the Government. 

He eagerly, on every possible occasion, devoted to the cause of 
his country his whole personal influence, his untiring efforts, and 
liberal contribution of means. 

His noblest services in this noblest of causes were the fit crown- 
ing efforts of his useful life. 

His services in this Chamber have been of great value. He was 
a constant attendant at its sittings, and always took an active part 


MEMORIAL. 83 


in its deliberations, displaying his wonted earnestness and sound 
judgment. His convictions were firm and deep, so much so, that 
he has, at times, seemed dogmatical. This, combined with a certain 
austerity of manner acquired in his early calling, may have led 
some to suppose him deficient in general social feelings. But those 
who so judged Captain Marsuatz, did not thoroughly know the 
man. 

Those who won his friendship and shared his confidence can 
only realize the kindness of his heart and the warmth of his 
feelings. 


REMARKS OF MR. S. DE WITT BLOODGOOD. 


Mr. Presipent: I wish to support the resolutions offered by 
Mr. Jones, but not for the purpose of pronouncing a eulogy on the 
deceased. I leave that to more competent persons, competent to 
do fitting justice to an able seaman, an enterprising shipmaster, an 
honorable and prosperous merchant, a true patriot, an active and 
useful citizen, and, above all, an honest man. 

T rise particularly to give an instance of the patriotic disinterest- 
edness and the liberality which marked his conduct. When the 
- rebellion broke out, it became necessary to look carefully after the 
condition of the revenue naval service, and a commission was ap- 
pointed to examine into its organization, especially with regard to 
appointments to office. The Secretary of the Treasury selected, 
with others, Captain Marsnatt to perform that duty. 

He accepted the trust, and faithfully performed its duties for 
many months. At its conclusion he was informed that he was 
entitled to compensation, amounting to fifteen hundred dolllars. 
We know there are many persons always in readiness to serve 
their country, but, as far as my observation goes, they are equally 
ready to receive their pay. Captain MarsHaty, however, was an 
exception to that class. He refused to receive any compensation 
for what he had done, giving as a reason that the necessities of the 
Government were greater than his own. 


84 MEMORIAL. 


Sir, we are always ready to admire the conduct of men of 
genius, and regard their lives with interest. We never hesitate to 
praise those military chiefs who achieve glory for themselves and 
do honor to their country; but we are also called to esteem and 
venerate the good and upright man whose example strengthens 
sound public opinion, sustains morals, and gives confidence to com- 
mercial dealings. Such a one was Captain MarsHatt, 


‘* A wit’s a feather, anda chief’s a rod; 
An honest man’s the noblest work of God!” 


In my judgment, these lines would be an appropriate inscription 
upon the marble which marks the resting-place of our deceased 
friend. 


REMARKS OF MR. ELLIOT C. COWDIN. 


Mr. Prestpent: After the eloquent and impressive remarks to 
which we have already listened, it is hardly necessary for me to add 
any thing to the eulogiums upon our late honored and lamented 
friend and associate, Captain MARrsHALL. 

But there was one other trait in his character to which I will 
briefly allude, that of gratitude, and with which I was forcibly im- 
pressed during the last week of his life. Only three days before 
his decease, when he had scarcely strength enough to hold a pen, 
he wrote me a note, requesting me to call upon him. I found him 
prostrate and exhausted, but with a mind clear and active, and with 
a heart full of gratitude to God for the blessings we enjoy, and 
especially for the overthrow of the great rebellion. He was pro- 
foundly grateful to those of our friends in Europe who have so 
zealously defended the cause of the Union, and desired me to unite, 
with a few other friends, in showing particular attention to an emi- 
nent and eloquent champion of the liberal cause in Great Britain, 
Mr. Hanpet CossHam, of Bristol, England, who was about to visit 
New York, and who has ever been one of our warmest and best 
friends. He gaye me a copy of one of Mr. Cossham’s speeches on 


MEMORIAL. 85 


the American war, and accompanied it with expressions of deep 
gratitude for the service it had rendered in aiding to ward off 
British recognition of the so-called Confederate States, a speech 
which President Lrycotn praised so highly that he wrote to Mr. 
Cossnam, thanking him for it. 

Captain MarsHaty was particularly desirous that all our friends 
abroad, and especially our noble champion Joun Bricut, whose ad- 
mirable portrait, I rejoice to see, adorns our walls to-day, should 
feel and know that the American people appreciate and are grate- 
ful for all they have done, not only in behalf of our country, but 
of constitutional liberty throughout the world. 

Our departed friend was indeed a generous patriot; no one 
could be associated with him, without in a measure partaking of 
his zeal and devotion to our common country. His very presence 
gave energy and courage in the darkest period of the national con- 
flict. Never, for one moment, did he question the final result. 
Relying upon the justice of our cause, he felt that God and good 
men would not let it perish. 

In his death, New York has lost one of its most excellent citi- 
zens, the mercantile community, and especially this Chamber, one 
of its oldest and most valued members, and the nation a true and 
devoted patriot. 

All honor to his memory. 

It is alike our privilege and duty to hold up his example to the 
young men of America as worthy of praise and imitation. 

From his ample means he gave to every good object with a free 
and generous hand. Many institutions and individuals will mourn 
at the recollection of his kindness and bounty, for they lost in him 
a friend and benefactor. The whole community honored him while 
living, and all sincerely mourn his loss. 


86 MEMORIAL. 


REMARKS OF MR. PETER COOPER. 


Mr. Presipent: I desire to add a few words in confirmation of 
all that has been said in honor of our friend, the lamented Captain 
MArsHALL. 

His unwavering support of the Government in the darkest hour 
of our nation’s peril, his patriotic devotion to the cause of our 
country, was manifest to all who knew him. He regarded the war 
of rebellion as war against the rights of our common humanity. 
So ardent was he, that on one occasion I heard him say no man 
should give more than himself to maintain the Union and defend 
the Constitution and the laws that made us a nation. 

Mr. Cooper added, referring to the allusion made by Mr. Cow- 
pin to the presence, in the city, of Mr. Hanpret Cossnam, that this 
distinguished gentleman would address the citizens, the next Satur- 
day evening, at the Cooper Institute. 

The question upon the resolutions was then taken, and they 
were unanimously adopted ; and it was 


Ordered, That the proceedings of this day be entered at length 
upon the minutes of the Chamber, and a copy be transmitted to 
the family of the deceased. 


A true copy, from the minutes of the Chamber. 
Joun AvstIN STEVENS, Jr., Secretary. 


————— 


Resorutions adopted by the Huecutive Committee of the Chamber 
of Commerce (of which Captain Cuartes H. MarsHati was 
Chairman) at a meeting held October 4th, 1865. 


This Committee having, since our last meeting, been bereaved 
by death of its late honored Chairman, Onarrtes H. Marsnatt, Esq., 


Resolved, That we desire to record our testimony of his great 
worth as a merchant and a man, and to his steadfast and exemplary 
adherence to the dictates of sound and enlightened principles of 


MEMORIAL. 87 


patriotism and of duty, in all his relations and acts, as a member of 
this Chamber, and as the Chairman of this Committee. 

Resolved, That his honorable and successful career affords en- 
couragement and example to those who shall follow him in the 
walks of mercantile life. 

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be forwarded to the 
family of the deceased. 

A true copy: JoHN Austin STEVENS, JR., 

Secretary. 


88 MEMORIAL. 


TRUSTEES OF THE SAILORS SNUG 
HARBOR. 


At a meeting of the Trustees of the Sailor’s Snug Harbor, held 
at the rooms of the Chamber of Commerce, on Monday, Septem- 
ber 25th, 1865, the death of Cuartes H. Marsnatx being an- 
nounced, it was, on motion— | 


Resolved, That it is at once a duty and a privilege to express to 
the family of the deceased, the profound sorrow which this event ex- 
cites in the mind and hearts of his former associates and co-laborers 
in this institution ; that every member of this Board feels a personal 
loss in the departure from this life, of one who has been long dear 
to them—the friend of his fellow-men, and especially of the unfor- 
tunate sailor, who was here the object of his care. 

Resolved, That we will ever cherish the memory of Captain 
MarsHatt, because he was faithful to the trusts reposed in him— 
an example of punctuality and constancy in the discharge of his 
various duties, generous in his impulses, prompt to relieve suffer- 
ing, a good citizen, a fervent patriot; and testify our admiration of 
his character, as a man and a Christian, by inscribing the above on 
our book of minutes. 

Resolved, That a copy of the foregoing be sent to the family of 
the deceased, in whose great bereavement we sympathize and 
mourn. 


By order of the Board: 
W. L. Greeniear, Secretary pro tem. 


MEMORIAL. 89 


CONTINENTAL NATIONAL BANK. 


At a special meeting of the Board of Directors of the Conti- 
nental National Bank, held on the 25th day of September, 1866, 
to take action in regard to the death of C. H. Marsuatt, late Vice- 
President of that institution, the following resolutions were adopted : 


Resolved, That while we recognize the fact that our late asso- 
ciate and Vice-President, CuarLes H. MArsHatt, was well known in 
this city and throughout this country as a merchant of the strictest 
integrity and honor; as a citizen watchful of the public interests, 
and active in well-directed efforts to promote the public good; asa 
patriot whose love of country made him an influential leader in her 
cause during the great struggle against rebellion; as a friend whose 
counsels and sympathies were followed by generous aid to the 
worthy in times of need; and as a Christian gentleman who desired 
and was ever ready to promote the highest interest of mankind, 
while in his personal intercourse with men he was careful to avoid 

‘or quick to redress an injury, we feel that this is no occasion for the 
language of eulogy; but while we bow in submission to the will of 
Him who does all things well, and has removed our late associate 
and friend from us forever, we here record our great sorrow at the 
separation, and our sympathy with his bereaved family. 

Resolved, That a copy of the foregoing resolution be communi- 
cated to the family of the deceased. 

; U. A. Murvocn, President. 
©. F. Tupson, Cashier. 


90 MEMORIAL. 


UNION LEAGUE CLUB, OF THE CITY OF 
NEW YORK. 


At a special meeting of the Union League Club of the City of 
New York, held on the evening of September 25th, 1865, to 
take action in regard to the death of the late Cuarrzs H. Mar- 
SHALL, President of the Club; Mr. Samur, B. Roaerxs, Vice- 
President, in the chair— 

The Vice-President spoke briefly on the early life of Captain 
Marsnatt, and of his first voyage in the ‘‘ Julius Casar,” when the 
Captain received his first impressions of slavery on the Isle of 
France (the home of Paul and Virginia), where the slaves were 
flagellated and branded. Ever since that time the deceased was a 
consistent and persistent opponent of slavery. He made many 
pleasing allusions to the course of Captain MarsnHarr and his 
unswerving loyalty. 

Dr. Franois Lizser made a brief address, of a similar import. 

Mr. Grorcse W. Brunt moved the following resolutions, which 
were adopted : 


Resolved, That the Club have received with deep regret the 
intelligence of the death of Captain Cnartes H. Marsnatt, our 
much-esteemed President, and will attend his funeral as a body, to 
render their united tribute of respect to his memory. 

Resolved, That the Club now enter on their record their high 
appreciation of the merits and virtues of Captain MarsHatt, from 
his early boyhood, as a sailor, working his way steadily and honor- 
ably onward and upward, to the high position he occupied among 
the most active and successful commanders in our mercantile 
marine, and his eminent standing as one of the most influential 


MEMORIAL. 91 


shipowners of the United States; they take pleasure in bearing tes- 
timony to his energy and professional skill, to the dignity of his 
personal bearing, to the kindness and generosity of his private life, 
to his manly resolution of purpose, and his outspoken and fearless 
independence on all occasions. They particularly recognize his con- 
stant and zealous devotion to the interests of our seamen and ma- 
rine, peculiarly illustrated in the efficient aid, at a former period of 
our commercial history, in managing the fleet of packet-ships with 
which his name has been so honorably connected, and at a later day 
vigorously codperating in abolishing the pilot monopoly in the har- 
bor of New York, and establishing in its stead the present efficient 
system of pilotage through which the value of our great national 
city as a safe and accessible port has become so firmly settled. 

But it is ina national point of view that the Union League 
Club would more emphatically attest their sense of the unwaver- 
ing devotion of Captain Marswatt, from his early manhood to the 
day of his death, to the great cause of human freedom ;-and, above 
all, would they express their appreciation of his resolute and un- 
compromising adhesion under every emergency to the American 
Union, manifested by his generous and energetic support of the 
Government in all its efforts to sustain the great national authority 
in putting down the late rebellion. 

Finally, we rejoice that our lamented friend was permitted by a 
gracious Providence, in the evening of his days, not only to live to 
see the national Union, to which he had exhibited such fidelity, 
reéstablished in the plenitude of its undisputed power, but also to 
exchange on both sides of the Atlantic his personal congratulations 
with the friends of American nationality, on the preservation of the 
great political structure so important to the peace and happiness 
of the human race. 

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions, duly attested, be 
transmitted to the family of our departed friend and associate. 


99 MEMORIAL. 


MARINE SOCIETY. 


At a meeting of the Marine Society, held at the underwriters’. 
room, corner of Wall and William Streets, October 9th, 1865, the 
following preamble and resolutions were unanimously adopted : 


Whereas, it has pleased our heavenly Father, in His inscrutable 
wisdom, to call from our midst by death our much-esteemed Presi- 
dent and associate, Captain Cuartes H. Marsuart, whose name 
was widely and everywhere favorably known in connection with the 
commercial marine of this port, and whose codperation and counsel 
in the management of the affairs of the different sailors’ institutions 
have been invaluable, and whose truly Christian integrity of char- 
acter and kindness of heart has endeared him to us all: therefore 


Resolved, That in the death of our late President and co-laborer 
we recognize the hand of Him who doeth all things well, and we 
desire to acquiesce in the dispensation of Divine Providence, in per- 
mitting him, our President, to remain so long amongst us. 

Resolved, That in the death of Captain Cuartes H. Marswatz, 
who was for twenty years our presiding officer, and by whose con- 
stant care and watchfulness we have greatly increased in members 
and funds, we have suffered a great loss, and that it will be difficult 
for the Society to fill the place made vacant by his death; and that 
every widow of this Society has thereby lost a guardian and protec- 
tor; and that every sailor in the land, from the cabin-boy to the 
master, has lost a kind and good friend. 

Resolved, That this Society do deeply and sincerely lament and 
deplore the decease of our esteemed and valued President, associate, 
and friend, and that we cordially and tenderly sympathize with the 
greatly stricken and afflicted family and relatives of the deceased, 
and that we ask for them the blessing of Him who alone can bind 
up the broken in heart, and comfort the stricken in sorrowing. 

Resolved, That the Secretary cause a copy of the foregoing pre- 
amble and resolutions to be suitably engrossed, authenticated, and 
transmitted to the family of the deceased, and that they be pub- 
lished in the daily papers. 

JOHN M. Ferrier, First Vice-President. 

JOSEPH TINKHAM, Secretary. 


MEMORIAL. 93 


SHAMEN’S FUND AND RETREAT. 


Art a regular monthly meeting of the Board of Trustees of the 
Seamen’s Fund and Retreat, held on Thursday, October 12th, 1865, 
at their office, No. 12 Old Slip, the following preamble and resolu- 
tions were offered by the President, R. J. Taorne, and unanimously 
adopted : 


Whereas, we are again called upon to recognize the hand ef 
an overruling Providence in the removal by death of Captain 
Cartes H. MarsHary, who was at the time of his decease and for 
many years preceding a member of this Board, and well known to 
and justly appreciated by every one of us: therefore 

Resolved, That we cannot but lament as a public loss the depar- 
ture of one who was so long and so prominently a servant of the 
public in the various offices which he held with so much credit to 
himself and advantage to all concerned. 

Resolved, That we cherish the recollections of his many excel- 
lent qualities of mind and heart, his promptness in responding to 
the call of duty, his large charity for the suffering, and his earnest 
sympathy with every thing which promised to ameliorate the sad 
condition of seafaring men, with whom the larger part of his 
active life had been spent. 

Resolved, That the career of Captain Marswatt illustrates the 
glory of republican institutions. Having sprung from comparative 
poverty and obscurity, by the force of his indomitable will and his 
devotion to business, he raised himself by his own exertions to a 
position as a successful merchant second to no one in all the ele- 
ments of integrity, force of character, and practical wisdom. 

Resolved, That we cherish with special pride and gratitude the 
memory of the earnest patriotism which led him joyfully to accept 
of any personal sacrifices which might contribute to strengthen the 


94 MEMORIAL. 


hands of the Government in its late fearful conflict with armed 
treason, and that we rejoice that his life was spared to witness the 
triumph of the loyal arms and the reéstablishment of free institu- 
tions over the length and breadth of the land. 

Resolved, That we tender to the family and relatives of the de- 
ceased our sympathy with them in their sore bereavement. 

Resolved, That a copy of the foregoing resolutions be sent to the 
afflicted family of the late Captain Marsnatt by the Secretary of 
this Board, signed by the President and Secretary. 

R. J. Toorne, President. 


Doveras Carrns, Secretary. 


MEMORIAL. On 


SOCIETY FOR THE RELIEF OF THE DE&- 
TITUTE CHILDREN OF SHAMEN. 


At the monthly meeting of the Board of Managers of the So- 
ciety for the Relief of Destitute Children of Seamen, held at the 
“Home” on Staten Island, on Friday, October 6th, the death of 
their warm friend and able adviser, Captain MarsHatt, was men- 
tioned by the First Directress, and the following resolution was 
passed, with directions to the Secretary to send copies to the family 
of Captain Marsuatt, and to several of the daily papers: 


Resolved, That this Board has heard with great grief of the 
death of their warm friend, their able and reliable adviser, their 
liberal contributor, and their successful advocate, Captain Cuartes 
H. Marswatt, who has, from the commencement of this Society, 
been untiring in his efforts in our behalf; who, understanding the 
wants of the sailor and of the family of the sailor, has never hesi- 
tated to give them his warmest sympathy, his conscientious advice, 
and his generous assistance ; and it is their earnest prayer that the 
same kind Providence that made him their friend, may raise up for 
us those who will possess the same noble spirit, and exercise the 
same active benevolence. 


By order of the Board: 
S. I. Bement, Secretary. 


96 MEMORIAL. 


DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA, AND WEST: 
ERN RAILROAD COMPANY. 


At a meeting of the Board of Managers of the Delaware, Lack- 
awanna, and Western Railroad Company, at the Office, No. 35 
William Street, New York, on Friday, September 29th, ae pate 
other proceedings, the following took place: 


It having pleased Almighty God, in the exercise of His wise 
dispensation, to remove, by the hand of death, our esteemed asso- 
ciate, Mr. Cuartes H. Marsnaty, and this Board being desirous 
of expressing its sense of the loss it has thus sustained: be it there- 
fore unanimously 

Resolved, That, while bowing to the inscrutable wisdom of that 
Providence which has taken away one of our most devoted mem- 
bers, we entertain a profound sorrow for so great a privation. As 
a manager of this Company, Mr. MarsHatt always labored to dis- 
charge the trusts and promote the interests committed to his care, 
uprightly and faithfully. As an associate, he has earned our high- 
est respect and esteem, by the exercise of those qualities which 
serve to cement friendship and lend a pleasure to business inter- 
course. As aman, his character for patriotism, integrity, and devo- 
tion to duty, secured for him an enviable position among his fellow- 
citizens, who, in his death, will find a common grief. 

Resolved, That we sincerely sympathize with his family in their 
bereavement, and that the Secretary be instructed to transmit to 
them a certified copy of these proceedings. 

Resolved, That these resolutions be entered at length on the 
minutes of this Board. 

A. J. Ovex, Secretary. 


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